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Hemostatic sponge based on easily prepared crosslinked gelatin and sodium alginate for wound healing

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Abstract

Traumatic hemorrhagic shock is an important factor leading to human death; thus, it is very important to develop new hemostatic materials for first aid during traumatic events. In this study, a novel composite hemostatic sponge scaffold (GE/SA) was prepared by Ca2+ crosslinking and freeze-drying using gelatin and sodium alginate. GE, GE/SA1 (1:1), GE/SA2 (1:2), GE/SA3 (1:3), GE/SA4 (1:4) and commercial hemostatic sponge control samples were used to perform hemostasis experiments using a rat liver trauma model and a femoral artery trauma model. In addition, wound healing experiments were conducted using a rat dorsal full-layer skin defect model. Hemostasis time and blood loss values in the GE/SA3 group (liver hemorrhage model: 227.35 ± 3.22 mg, 77.83 ± 4.31 s; femoral artery bleeding model: 494.17 ± 48.66 mg, 76.50 ± 3.94 s) were significantly better than those in the other experimental groups and were similar to those in the commercial sponge group. In addition, in vitro experiments showed that SA promoted the adhesion and aggregation of platelets and red blood cells, which could further enhance hemostasis by activating the clotting process. The results showed that the optimal ratio of gelatin to sodium alginate was 1:3, which provided a theoretical basis for the subsequent construction of a drug delivery system. The gelatin sodium alginate sponge scaffold prepared in this study not only overcame the limitations of simple gelatin hemostatic sponges (such as decreased mechanical properties and poor hemostatic effects after water absorption) but also had excellent properties, such as good biocompatibility, low toxicity, high cost performance and good wound healing. Moreover, this scaffold had wide potential for clinical application.

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All data that support the findings of this study are included within the article (and any supplementary files).

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Funding

The authors would like to express their high appreciation for the financial support received from the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFC3006200), Natural Science Foundation of China (81901251, 82003992, 82002471), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7232185) and Peking University People’s Hospital Scientific Research Development Funds (RDJP2023-17, RDJP2023-29, RDX2023-10).

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Author notes

  1. Jing Zhou, Ming Li and Yuwen Hui have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China

    Jing Zhou, Ming Li, Yuwen Hui, Chang Li, Jing Chang, Bo Chen, Chuanlin Wang & Tianbing Wang

  2. Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China

    Jing Zhou, Ming Li, Yuwen Hui, Chang Li, Jing Chang, Bo Chen, Chuanlin Wang & Tianbing Wang

  3. National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, 100044, China

    Jing Zhou, Ming Li, Yuwen Hui, Chang Li, Jing Chang, Bo Chen, Chuanlin Wang & Tianbing Wang

  4. Emergency Department, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China

    Wei Guo

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  1. Jing Zhou
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Contributions

JZ: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Investigation, Writing— original draft. ML: Investigation, Writing—review & editing. YH: Formal analysis, Methodology, Investigation, Writing- review & editing. CL: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing—review & editing. JC: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing-review & editing. BC: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing-review & editing. CW: Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Writing—review & editing. WG: Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Writing— review & editing. TW: Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Writing—review & editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Chuanlin Wang, Wei Guo or Tianbing Wang.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Ethicl approval

All experimental steps in this research were ethically approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Peking University People’s Hospital (Approval No: 2021PHE067).

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Handling Editor: David Ju.

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Zhou, J., Li, M., Hui, Y. et al. Hemostatic sponge based on easily prepared crosslinked gelatin and sodium alginate for wound healing. J Mater Sci 59, 8408–8426 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09539-y

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