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Amorphous quantum dots enable V2O5 with superior Mg storage

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Abstract

Mg-ion batteries (MIBs) possess promising advantages over monovalent Li-ion battery. However, the exploitation of desirable cathode materials encounters the dilemma of sluggish reaction kinetics caused by strong coulomb interaction between Mg2+ and cathode. Reasonable electrode structure design is of great importance for achieving fast Mg2+ intercalation kinetics. Herein, a novel configuration composed of sub-5 nm amorphous V2O5 quantum dots and nitrogen-doping carbon nanofibers (a-V2O5-QDs@NCNFs) was elaborately designed and fabricated. Sub-5 nm QDs provide shorter diffusion path and more storage sites for Mg2+. Simultaneously, a large range of disorder states in amorphous structure can provide more open diffusion channels for Mg2+ transport. In addition, NCNFs play a crucial part in relieving the volumetric strains of V2O5 and maintaining the structural integrity during Mg2+ insertion/extraction. Reflecting in MIBs, a-V2O5-QDs@NCNFs deliver ultra-long cycling life (5000 cycles at 5 A g−1) and outstanding rate performance (52 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1). This design conception opens up a new route for exploiting high-performance cathode for MIBs.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22302072), Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen, China (3502Z20227029), Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Huaqiao University (No. 21BS115). We acknowledge the support from the Instrumental Analysis Center of Huaqiao University.

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  1. Huabin Kong and Yancheng Chen have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China

    Huabin Kong, Yancheng Chen, Yihan Wen & Jianxin Ou

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  1. Huabin Kong
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  2. Yancheng Chen
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HK and YC contributed equally to this work.

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Correspondence to Huabin Kong.

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Supplementary Information

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10853_2023_9313_MOESM1_ESM.docx

Supplementary materials (SEM images of as-spun nanofiber, a-V2O5-QDs@NCNFs, c-V2O5-NPs@NCNFs and c-V2O5-NDs, CV curves of c-V2O5-NPs@NCNFs and c-V2O5-NDs, charge–discharge profiles of c-V2O5-NPs@NCNFs and c-V2O5-NDs, Kinetics analysis of the electrochemical behavior toward Mg2+ for the c-V2O5-NPs@NCNFs and c-V2O5-NDs.)

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 5465 KB)

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Kong, H., Chen, Y., Wen, Y. et al. Amorphous quantum dots enable V2O5 with superior Mg storage. J Mater Sci 59, 1526–1536 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-09313-6

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