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Experimental study of doped zinc aluminate nanoparticles by bottom-up approach for microstrip patch antenna applications

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Abstract

Zinc aluminate is a gahnite material that has prospective uses in optical coatings, photocatalytic activity, sensors, displays, microwave applications, and other areas. This work reports the preparation of Zn(1−x)CaxAl2O4 (at x = 0.0 and x = 0.5) nanoparticles by the bottom-up approach. X-ray diffraction analyses demonstrate the polycrystalline characteristic of spinel structure of ZnAl2O4 with an increase in crystallite size from 8.8 to 9.5 nm corresponding to the samples ZAC0.0 and ZAC0.5 due to calcium doping. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy investigations confirm the existence of the characteristic phase of zinc aluminate. Transmission electron microscopy micrographs evidence the preparation of spherical grains with their mean diameter of 17 nm and 15 nm for the samples ZAC0.0 and ZAC0.5, respectively. The samples ZAC0.0 and ZAC0.5 have d-spacing values of 0.28 nm and 0.46 nm, respectively, as determined by HRTEM results, whereas the selected area electron diffraction patterns indicate the polycrystalline phases in both samples. The sample ZAC0.5 shows an increased dielectric permittivity and low dielectric loss and ac conductivity compared to ZAC0.0, as examined by the LCR metre. Finally, two prototype microstrip patch antennas were constructed using the prepared samples and tested. Interestingly, the antenna based on ZAC0.5 sample endorsed better performance with a return loss of − 32.38 dB at the resonant frequency of 6.7 GHz and a bandwidth of 760 MHz.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Swarnandhra College of Engineering and Technology, Seetharamapuram, Narsapur, A.P., India

    Sekhar Didde

  2. University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak University, Ibrahimpatnam, RR District, Telangana, India

    R. S. Dubey

  3. Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Greenfields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, A.P., India

    Sekhar Didde & Sampad Kumar Panda

  4. Interdisciplinary Research Center, RV College of Engineering, Mysore Road, Bangalore, KA, India

    G. Satheesh Babu

Authors
  1. Sekhar Didde
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  2. R. S. Dubey
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  3. Sampad Kumar Panda
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  4. G. Satheesh Babu
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Correspondence to R. S. Dubey.

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Didde, S., Dubey, R.S., Panda, S.K. et al. Experimental study of doped zinc aluminate nanoparticles by bottom-up approach for microstrip patch antenna applications. J Mater Sci 57, 21069–21079 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07929-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07929-8

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