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Exploration of nontrivial topological domain structures in the equilibrium state of magnetic nanodisks

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Abstract

Topological magnetic domains exhibit many fascinating features and great potential in information storage and spintronics owing to their unique spin textures. In order to investigate the topological properties of the domain structures, the spontaneous evolutions of magnetic moments are evaluated by using Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation. The equilibrium phase diagrams of the system with randomly, radial and axial distributed initial magnetic moments have been studied in detail. Simulation results show that the changes of quality factor (Q) and aspect ratio (T/D) lead to great differences in magnetization process under different initial magnetization states. Vortex, biskyrmion, skyrmion and bubble are formed as the value of Q gradually increases from 0 to 1. The system with Q < 0.5 is easy to stabilize into a vortex state, while the magnetic moments of the system with Q > 1.0 are arranged along the easy axis. When Q and T/D are in the range of 0.6 ~ 0.8 and 0.10 ~ 0.16, respectively, it is conducive to the formation of nontrivial topological domain. Biskyrmion is spontaneously formed in the system of Q = 0.6 and T/D = 0.12, proving that skyrmion-like domain can be generated in the absence of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction or external field.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52001012, 51701130, 51590880, 62075245); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFB0700903); the Fujian Institute of Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. FJCXY18040302); the Science Foundation of Ministry of Education of Beijing (Grant No. KZ201810011013); the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Major Project of China 2016; and the Research Foundation for Youth Scholars of Beijing Technology and Business University (Grant No. PXM2020_014213_000017).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, People’s Republic of China

    Dan Liu, Jianfeng Xi & Baohe Li

  2. State Key Laboratory of Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China

    Tongyun Zhao, Baogen Shen, Fengxia Hu & Jirong Sun

  3. School of Physics, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, People’s Republic of China

    Ming Zhang

  4. Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China

    Lichen Wang

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  1. Dan Liu
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Liu, D., Zhao, T., Zhang, M. et al. Exploration of nontrivial topological domain structures in the equilibrium state of magnetic nanodisks. J Mater Sci 56, 4677–4685 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05569-4

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