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Anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8)–aluminum interface: kinetics of high-temperature interactions

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Abstract

The kinetics of the anorthite–Al system have been examined by exposing anorthite to pure Al at 850–1150 °C for 0.5–250 h. The interfaces were investigated by electron microscopy (SEM, EDS, EPMA, and TEM). The results showed that Si4+–Al3+ interdiffusion and associated oxygen vacancies plus Ca2+–Al3+ interdiffusion and associated calcium vacancies drove the anorthite → CA2 and the CA2 → A (alumina) transformations, respectively, at 850 and 950 °C. At 1050 and 1150 °C, increased solubilities of silicon and oxygen in the liquid Al resulted in significant formation of CA2, which, when in contact with anorthite, leads to formation of gehlenite. Si4+–Al3+ interdiffusion was identified as the controlling process of the anorthite–Al interactions and so it has been quantified in terms of the activation energy of Q = 112 kJ/mol and the diffusion coefficient pre-factor of D 0 = 4 × 10−8 m2/s.

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Notes

  1. Sigma-Aldrich, Sydney, Australia.

  2. This is termed the diffused layer owing to the higher Al/Si ratio relative to intact anorthite.

  3. For all reactions, the oxygen dissolves initially and, after saturation, interacts with Al to form Al2O3; the silicon dissolves initially and, after saturation, precipitates.

  4. The size differences are for crystal radii [35] and the signs are for lattice expansion (+) and shrinkage (−).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia

    E. Adabifiroozjaei, H. Ma, P. Koshy & C. C. Sorrell

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  1. E. Adabifiroozjaei
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Adabifiroozjaei, E., Ma, H., Koshy, P. et al. Anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8)–aluminum interface: kinetics of high-temperature interactions. J Mater Sci 52, 6767–6777 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-0913-0

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