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Growth, structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, and mechanical properties of l-prolinium tartrate single crystal

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Abstract

Organic ferroelectric l-prolinium tartrate (LPT) single crystals have been successfully grown by slow evaporation solution technique. The as-grown LPT crystal has been analyzed by CHN analysis to find the elemental compositions. Single-crystal XRD reveals the monoclinic lattice with non-centrosymmetric space group (P21) as well as cell parameters (a = 5.0071(3) Å, b = 17.7056(13) Å, c = 6.5371(4) Å, β = 100.525(6) °C, and V = 569.79(6) Å3). The Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out to understand various intermolecular interactions in the grown crystal. From temperature-dependent dielectric measurement, a ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transition was observed at 45 °C and a very low (0.05) dielectric loss for higher frequencies (2 MHz) was observed. The FTIR spectroscopy has been carried out in order to identify the different functional groups present in the grown crystal. In ferroelectric studies, P–E hysteresis loops were traced at different temperatures. A high value of piezoelectric charge coefficient (d 33 = 17 pC/N) was found. Vickers hardness test has been used to determine the mechanical strength of the grown crystals and the value of Meyer’s index was found to be n = 1.79 which suggested soft nature of crystals.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to DST for the financial support received in DRDO project (Sanction No. ARMREB/MAA/2015/163) and DU R&D Grant (Sanction No. RC/2015/9677). Sonu Kumar is thankful to UGC for Junior Research Fellowship. Harsh Yadav is thankful to UGC for Meritorious Scholarship. Dr. Nidhi Sinha expresses her gratitude to the Principal, SGTB Khalsa College for encouragement and support for research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Crystal Lab, Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India

    Sonu Kumar, Nidhi Sinha, Harsh Yadav & Binay Kumar

  2. Department of Electronics, SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India

    Nidhi Sinha

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  1. Sonu Kumar
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Correspondence to Binay Kumar.

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Kumar, S., Sinha, N., Yadav, H. et al. Growth, structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, and mechanical properties of l-prolinium tartrate single crystal. J Mater Sci 51, 7614–7623 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0040-3

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