Abstract
Encapsulation of platinum-based anticancer drugs inside cucurbit[n]urils provides a steric hindrance to drug degradation. This study describes an alternative strategy for the enhancement of in vitro antitumor activity of nedaplatin (NDP) by encapsulating it in the cavity of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]). The complexation stoichiometry, binding affinity and geometry were studied via reliable spectroscopic and physicochemical techniques. The stoichiometry of the inclusion complex was 1:1 and the stability constant (KS) value was found to be (2.89 ± 0.26) × 106 M−1 at 293 K, which suggested a favorable inclusion complexation system has been formed. In vitro cytotoxicity of the free NDP and complexed NDP (NDP@CB[7]) was examined by MTT assay using three human cancer cell lines: A549, HCT116, MCF-7. Interestingly, more cytotoxicity on MCF-7 was observed for NDP@CB[7] as compared with free drugs. In addition, NDP@CB[7] showed significantly improved cytotoxicity against A549 and HCT116 cells with up to almost threefold and twofold higher cytotoxicity than that of free NDP, indicating that the encapsulation of NDP in CB[7] can enhance the cytotoxicity of NDP in tested cancer cell lines. The formed species are shown to be stabilized in solution and the host–guest complexation between NDP and CB[7] may allow this strategy to be effective for potential use in drug delivery.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Shimada, M., Itamochi, H., Kigawa, J.: Nedaplatin: a cisplatin derivative in cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Manag. Res. 5, 67 (2013)
Fahmy, S.A., et al.: Investigation of the host-guest complexation between 4-sulfocalix [4] arene and nedaplatin for potential use in drug delivery. Spectrochim. Acta Part A 193, 528–536 (2018)
Alberto, M.E., et al.: The second-generation anticancer drug Nedaplatin: a theoretical investigation on the hydrolysis mechanism. J. Phys. Chem. B 113(43), 14473–14479 (2009)
Koshiyama, M., et al.: Chemosensitivity testing of a novel platinum analog, nedaplatin (254-S), in human gynecological carcinomas: a comparison with cisplatin. Anticancer Res. 25(6C), 4499–4502 (2005)
Inuyama, Y., et al.: An early phase II clinical study of cis-diammine glycolato platinum, 254-S, for head and neck cancers. Cancer Chemother. 19(6), 863–869 (1992)
He, Y.-F., et al.: A phase II study of paclitaxel and nedaplatin as front-line chemotherapy in Chinese patients with metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. World J. Gastroenterol. WJG 19(35), 5910 (2013)
Kameyama, Y., et al.: Nephrotoxicity of a new platinum compound, 254-S, evaluated with rat kidney cortical slices. Toxicol. Lett. 52(1), 15–24 (1990)
Ishibashi, T., Yano, Y., Oguma, T.: Population pharmacokinetics of platinum after nedaplatin administration and model validation in adult patients. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 56(2), 205–213 (2003)
Rabik, C.A., Dolan, M.E.: Molecular mechanisms of resistance and toxicity associated with platinating agents. Cancer Treat. Rev. 33(1), 9–23 (2007)
Ota, K.: Nedaplatin. Cancer Chemother. 23(3), 379–387 (1996)
Kawai, Y., et al.: Relationship between cisplatin or nedaplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and renal accumulation. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 28(8), 1385–1388 (2005)
Uehara, T., et al.: Nephrotoxicity of a novel antineoplastic platinum complex, nedaplatin: a comparative study with cisplatin in rats. Arch. Toxicol. 79(8), 451–460 (2005)
Walker, S., et al.: The potential of cucurbit [n] urils in drug delivery. Israel J. Chem. 51(5–6), 616–624 (2011)
Lagona, J., et al.: The cucurbit [n] uril family. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 44(31), 4844–4870 (2005)
Buck, D.P., et al.: Inclusion complexes of the antitumour metallocenes Cp2MCl2 (M= Mo, Ti) with cucurbit [n] urils. Dalton Trans. 17, 2328–2334 (2008)
Thangavel, A., et al.: Orientation of pyrylium guests in cucurbituril hosts. J. Org. Chem. 77(5), 2263–2271 (2012)
Thuéry, P.: L-Cysteine as a chiral linker in lanthanide-cucurbit [6] uril one-dimensional assemblies. Inorg. Chem. 50(21), 10558–10560 (2011)
Lee, D.-W., et al.: Supramolecular fishing for plasma membrane proteins using an ultrastable synthetic host-guest binding pair. Nat. Chem. 3(2), 154 (2011)
Assaf, K.I., Nau, W.M.: Cucurbiturils: from synthesis to high-affinity binding and catalysis. Chem. Soc. Rev. 44(2), 394–418 (2015)
Wheate, N.J., et al.: Multi-nuclear platinum complexes encapsulated in cucurbit [n] uril as an approach to reduce toxicity in cancer treatment. Chem. Commun. 12, 1424–1425 (2004)
Wheate, N.J., et al.: Cucurbit [n] uril binding of platinum anticancer complexes. Dalton Trans. 3, 451–458 (2006)
Nojini, Z.B., Yavari, F., Bagherifar, S.: Preference prediction for the stable inclusion complex formation between cucurbit [n= 5–7] urils with anticancer drugs based on platinum (II): computational study. J. Mol. Liq. 166, 53–61 (2012)
Jansen, K., et al.: Cucurbit [5] uril, decamethylcucurbit [5] uril and cucurbit [6] uril. Synthesis, solubility and amine complex formation. J. Incl. Phenom. Macrocycl. Chem. 39(3–4), 357–363 (2001)
Zhao, J., et al.: Cucurbit [n] uril derivatives soluble in water and organic solvents. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 40(22), 4233–4235 (2001)
Koner, A.L., et al.: Supramolecular encapsulation of benzimidazole-derived drugs by cucurbit [7] uril. Can. J. Chem. 89(2), 139–147 (2011)
Ong, W., Gómez-Kaifer, M., Kaifer, A.E.: Cucurbit [7] uril: a very effective host for viologens and their cation radicals. Org. Lett. 4(10), 1791–1794 (2002)
Moon, K., Kaifer, A.E.: Modes of binding interaction between viologen guests and the cucurbit [7] uril host. Org. Lett. 6(2), 185–188 (2004)
Venkataramanan, N.S., et al.: Theoretical prediction of the complexation behaviors of antitumor platinum drugs with cucurbiturils. J. Phys. Chem. B 116(48), 14029–14039 (2012)
Chen, Y., et al.: Supramolecular chemotherapy: cooperative enhancement of antitumor activity by combining controlled release of oxaliplatin and consuming of spermine by cucurbit [7] uril. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9(10), 8602–8608 (2017)
Uzunova, V.D., et al.: Toxicity of cucurbit [7] uril and cucurbit [8] uril: an exploratory in vitro and in vivo study. Org. Biomol. Chem. 8(9), 2037–2042 (2010)
Hettiarachchi, G., et al.: Toxicology and drug delivery by cucurbit [n] uril type molecular containers. PLoS ONE 5(5), e10514 (2010)
Oun, R., Plumb, J.A., Wheate, N.J.: A cisplatin slow-release hydrogel drug delivery system based on a formulation of the macrocycle cucurbit [7] uril, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol. J. Inorg. Biochem. 134, 100–105 (2014)
Cao, L., et al.: Cucurbit [7] uril containers for targeted delivery of oxaliplatin to cancer cells. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 52(46), 12033–12037 (2013)
Wheate, N.J.: Improving platinum (II)-based anticancer drug delivery using cucurbit [n] urils. J. Inorg. Biochem. 102(12), 2060–2066 (2008)
Kim, J., et al.: New cucurbituril homologues: syntheses, isolation, characterization, and X-ray crystal structures of cucurbit [n] uril (n= 5, 7, and 8). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122(3), 540–541 (2000)
Diederich, F., Stang, P.J., Tykwinski, R.R.: Modern Supramolecular Chemistry: Strategies for Macrocycle Synthesis. Wiley, New York (2008)
Gao, C., Linxiang, C.: Nedaplatin and cucurbit[n]uril inclusion compound. Patent CN 107,737,345A. 27 February 2018.
Huang, C.Y.: Determination of binding stoichiometry by the continuous variation method: the job plot. Methods in enzymology, Vol. 87. Academic Press, New York, pp 509–525 (1982).
Barrow, S.J., et al.: Cucurbituril-based molecular recognition. Chem. Rev. 115(22), 12320–12406 (2015)
Ali, S.M., Shamim, S.: Analysis of computational models of β-cyclodextrin complexes: structural studies of morniflumate hydrochloride and β-cyclodextrin complex in aqueous solution by quantitative ROESY analysis. J. Incl. Phenom. Macrocycl. Chem. 831–2, 19–26 (2015)
Jahed, V., et al.: NMR (1H, ROESY) spectroscopic and molecular modelling investigations of supramolecular complex of β-cyclodextrin and curcumin. Food Chem. 165, 241–246 (2014)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) (Nos. 21961017, 21642001, 21662021) and Yunnan Applied Basic Research Projects (Nos. 2018FA047 and 2018FB018), which are gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jia, C., Zhong, Y., Zhang, X. et al. Host–guest inclusion systems of nedaplatin with cucurbit[7]uril for improved in vitro antitumour activity. J Incl Phenom Macrocycl Chem 97, 99–107 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10847-020-00988-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10847-020-00988-x