Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Psychometric Properties of the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale: Arabic Version

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Child and Family Studies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In recent years, quality of life has been emphasized in research and practice. For families who have a member with disabilities, the family quality of life (FQOL) has got more attention in research. Our goal was to examine the validity of the Arabic version of the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale (BCFQOL) to assess the quality of life of families in the Arab region. The sample comprised 320 members of families (27% mothers, 26% fathers, and about 27% siblings) that had an individual with a disability (48% intellectual disability, 19% Autism, and 33% other disabilities such as hearing impairment, visual impairment, learning disabilities, or multiple disabilities). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to verify the validity of the Arabic version of the BCFQOL (BCFQOL-AR). Results support the construct validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the BCFQOL-AR. Moreover, high values for the internal consistency of the scale were found overall as well as for all five subscales. Our results confirmed that the BCFQOL-AR is suitable to measure FQOL in the Arabic countries. Suggestions for research and practice about how this instrument can be used are provided.

Highlights

  • Validity of the Arabic Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale (BCFQOL) was assessed.

  • The BCFQOL-AR was found to have structure, convergent, and discriminant validity.

  • Correlations between the overall scale and all five subscales were high.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. Different scale than BCFQOL Scale

References

  • Ahmed, Z. & Al Shakhass, A. (1998). Psychological stress of parents of children with disabilities and methods of facing them. Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Educational Research Center.

  • Ali, R. (2017). Psychometric characteristics of a family quality of life scale in a sample of teenage students. Journal of Psychological Counseling, 51, 333–356.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alnahdi, G. H. (2019). Rasch validation of the arabic version of the teacher efficacy for inclusive practices (TEIP) scale. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 62, 104–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2019.05.004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balcells‐Balcells, A., Giné, C., Guàrdia‐Olmos, J., & Summers, J. A. (2011). Family quality of life: Adaptation to a Spanish population of several family support questionnaires. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55(12), 1151–1163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01350.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Balcells-Balcells, A., Mas, J. M., Baqués, N., Simón, C., & García-Ventura, S. (2020). The Spanish family quality of life scales under and over 18 Years old: Psychometric properties and families’ perceptions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 7808 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217808.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Beach Center on Disability. (2005). The Beach Center Family Quality of Life scale. Lawrence, KS: Beach Center, University of Kansas.

  • Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine, 25(24), 3186–3191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin Journal, 88, 588–606. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boehm, T. L., Carter, E. W., & Taylor, J. L. (2015). Family quality of life during the transition to adulthood for individuals with intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorders. American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 120(5), 395–411.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boehm, T. L. (2017). Predictors of family quality of life among parents of children and adults with intellectual disability (doctoral dissertation). https://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03232017-115400/unrestricted/Boehm.pdf.

  • Boelsma, F., Schippers, A., Dane, M., & Abma, T. A. (2018). “Special” families and their “normal” daily lives: Family quality of life and the social environment. International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies, 9(4), 107–124. https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs94201818643.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown R. I., Brown I. (2014). Family quality of life. In: Michalos A. C. (ed.) Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5.

  • Brown, R. I., Schalock, R. L., & Brown, I. (2009). Quality of life: Its application to persons with intellectual disabilities and their families—Introduction and overview. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 6(1), 2–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-1130.2008.00202.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, F. F., Sousa, K. H., & West, S. G. (2005). Teacher’s corner: Testing measurement invariance of second-order factor models. Structural equation modeling, 12(3), 471–492. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1203_7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural equation modeling, 9(2), 233–255. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chiu, S. J., Chen, P. T., Chou, Y. T., & Chien, L. Y. (2017). The Mandarin Chinese version of the Beach Centre Family Quality of Life Scale: Development and psychometric properties in Taiwanese families of children with developmental delay. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 61(4), 373–384. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12356.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dimitrov, D. M. (2010). Testing for factorial invariance in the context of construct validation. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 43(2), 121–149. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748175610373459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • General Authority for Statistics. (2017). Disability Survey 2017. Retrieved February 6, 2020 from: https://www.stats.gov.sa/ar/904.

  • Hoffman, L., Marquis, J., Poston, D., Summers, J. A., & Turnbull, A. (2006). Assessing family outcomes: Psychometric evaluation of the beach center family quality of life scale. Journal of Marriage and Family, 68(4), 1069–1083. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2006.00314.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, X., Summers, J. A., Turnbull, A., & Zuna, N. (2011). The quantitative measurement of family quality of life: A review of available instruments. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55(12), 1098–1114. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01463.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, X., Wang, M., & Fei, X. (2012). Family quality of life of Chinese families of children with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 56(1), 30–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01391.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Isa, S. N. I., Ishak, I., Ab Rahman, A., Saat, N. Z. M., Din, N. C., Lubis, S. H., & Ismail, M. F. M. (2016). Health and quality of life among the caregivers of children with disabilities: A review of literature. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 23, 71–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2016.07.007.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, D. L., Gillaspy, Jr, J. A., & Purc-Stephenson, R. (2009). Reporting practices in confirmatory factor analysis: an overview and some recommendations. Psychological methods, 14(1), 6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (3rd Edition). New York: The Guilford Press.

  • Kyzar, K., Brady, S., Summers, J. A., & Turnbull, A. (2020). Family quality of life and partnership for families of students with deaf-blindness. Remedial and Special Education, 41(1), 50–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741932518781946.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lounds Taylor, J., Burke, M. M., Smith, L. E., & Hartley, S. L. (2016). Families of adolescents and adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. In R. M. Hodapp & D. J. Fidler (Eds.), International review of research in developmental disabilities: Fifty years of research in intellectual and developmental disabilities (pp. 195–231).

  • Lounds, J. J. & Seltzer, M. M. (2007). Family impact in adulthood. In S. L. Odom, R. H. Horner, M. E. Snell, & J. Blacher (Eds.), Handbook of developmental disabilities (pp. 552–569). New York: Guilford. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03089708.

  • Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing research. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198611000-00017.

  • Meral, B. F. (2013). Turkish adaptation, validity and reliability study of the Beach Center Family Quality of Life scale. Egitim ve Bilim, 38, 170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meral, B. F., Cavkaytar, A., Turnbull, A. P., & Wang, M. (2013). Family quality of life of Turkish families who have children with intellectual disabilities and autism. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 38(4), 233–246. https://doi.org/10.1177/154079691303800403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moyson, T., & Roeyers, H. (2012). ‘The overall quality of my life as a sibling is all right, but of course, it could always be better’. Quality of life of siblings of children with intellectual disability: the siblings’ perspective. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 56(1), 87–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01393.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park, J., Hoffman, L., Marquis, J., Poston, A., Turnbull, A., Poston, D., Mannan, H., Wang, M., & Nelson, L. L. (2003). Toward assessing family outcomes of service delivery: Validation of a family quality of life survey. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 47(4–5), 367–384. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2788.2003.00497.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parpa, E., Katsantonis, N., Tsilika, E., Galanos, A., & Mystakidou, K. (2016). Psychometric properties of the family quality of life scale in Greek families with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 28(3), 393–405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10882-016-9477-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2006). The content validity index: Are you sure you know what’s being reported? Critique and recommendations. Research in nursing & health, 29(5), 489–497. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poston, D., Turnbull, A., Park, J., Mannan, H., Marquis, J., & Wang, M. (2003). Family quality of life: A qualitative inquiry. Mental Retardation, 41(5), 313–328. https://doi.org/10.1352/0047-6765(2003)41%3C313:FQOLAQ%3E2.0.CO;2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pozo, P., & Sarriá, E. (2014). A global model of stress in parents of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Anales de Psicología, 30, 180–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pugesek, B. H., Tomer, A., & Von Eye, A. (2003). Structural Equation Modeling: Applications in Ecological and Evolutionary Biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: tests of significance and descriptive goodness-offit measures. Methods Psychol. Res. Online, 8, 23–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlebusch, L., Dada, S., & Samuels, A. E. (2017). Family quality of life of South African families raising children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47(7), 1966–1977. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3102-8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shobana, M., & Saravanan, C. (2014). Comparative study on attitudes and psychological problems of mothers towards their children with developmental disability. East Asian Archives of Psychiatry, 24(1), 16.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Summers, J. A., Poston, D. J., Turnbull, A. P., Marquis, J., Hoffman, L., Mannan, H., & Wang, M. (2005). Conceptualizing and measuring family quality of life. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49(10), 777–783. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00751.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tennant, A., & Conaghan, P. G. (2007). The Rasch measurement model in rheumatology: what is it and why use it? When should it be applied, and what should one look for in a Rasch paper? Arthritis Care & Research, 57(8), 1358–1362. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.23108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turnbull, H., Beegle, G., & Stowe, M. J. (2001). The core concepts of disability policy affecting families who have children with disabilities. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 12(3), 133–143. https://doi.org/10.1177/104420730101200302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vanderkerken, L., Heyvaert, M., Onghena, P., & Maes, B. (2019). The relation between family quality of life and the family-centered approach in families with children with an intellectual disability. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 16(4), 296–311. https://doi.org/10.1111/jppi.12317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verdugo, M. A., Córdoba, L., & Gómez, J. (2005). Spanish adaptation and validation of the family quality of life survey. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49(10), 794–798. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00754.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Waschl, N., Xie, H., Chen, M., & Poon, K. K. (2019). Construct, convergent, and discriminant validity of the beach center family quality of life scale for Singapore. Infants & Young Children, 32(3), 201–214. https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng, S., Hu, X., Zhao, H., & Stone-MacDonald, A. K. (2020). Examining the relationships of parental stress, family support and family quality of life: A structural equation modeling approach. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 96, 103523 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2019.103523.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zuna, N., Summers, J. A., Turnbull, A. P., Hu, X., & Xu, S. (2010). Theorizing about family quality of life. In R. Kober (Ed.), Enhancing the quality of life of people with intellectual disability: From theory to practice (pp. 241–278). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ghaleb H. Alnahdi.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Alnahdi, G.H., Schwab, S. & Elhadi, A. Psychometric Properties of the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale: Arabic Version. J Child Fam Stud 30, 3131–3140 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-021-02142-8

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-021-02142-8

Keywords

Navigation