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Consumption of Ulva clathrata as a dietary supplement stimulates immune and lipid metabolism genes in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

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Abstract

Next-generation massive parallel sequencing and bioinformatic techniques were applied to observe the differences in the transcriptome of Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles that were fed with a control diet (T1) or the same diet plus a live Ulva clathrata supplement (T2). The average size of the libraries was of 271 bp for T1 and 275 bp for T2. A total of 7,706,527 raw reads were obtained with a total of 6,591,856 reads after filtering through Q30, from which 3,855,181 corresponded to T1 and 2,736,675 corresponded to T2. Assembled contigs of each library were annotated using BLASTx from NCBI [obtaining 15,861 (42.77 %) unigenes for T1 and 14,246 (45.06 %) for T2]. In addition, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (KEGG) as well as the Gene Ontology database (GO) were employed. The differential expression analysis generated a total of 396 transcripts with different expression levels between the two treatments, and these were classified into 4 groups in accordance to their possible function; among others, it identified a percentage of transcripts associated with: immune response (12 %), lipid metabolism (34 %), oxidation-reduction processes (34 %), and stress responses (20 %). The study shows a systematic description of the transcriptome analysis of L. vannamei and provides valuable genetic information required for studying the molecular mechanisms operating when shrimp are fed with macroalgae U. clathrata.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank Julian Gamboa for providing very valuable comments on earlier versions of this paper. We are grateful to David Villarreal for helping in the hepatopancreas sampling and moults stage determination. Thanks as well to Manuel Vazques Ruiz for the support in the relative quantification of the expression level of genes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa Maricultura, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León México, Cd. Universitaria Apdo. Postal F-56, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, 66455, Mexico

    Edith Elizondo-Reyna, Martha G. Nieto-López, Denis Ricque-Marie & Lucia Elizabeth Cruz-Suárez

  2. Unidad de Biología Molecular, Genómica y Secuenciación del Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Carlos Canseco s/n esquina con Av. Gonzalitos Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo León, 64460, Mexico

    Ramsés Medina-González, Rocío Ortiz-López & Ramiro Elizondo-González

  3. Hagerman Fish Culture Experimental Station and Department of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, 3059F National Fish Hatchery Road, Hagerman, ID, 83332, USA

    Madison S. Powell

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  1. Edith Elizondo-Reyna
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  2. Ramsés Medina-González
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Correspondence to Martha G. Nieto-López.

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Elizondo-Reyna, E., Medina-González, R., Nieto-López, M.G. et al. Consumption of Ulva clathrata as a dietary supplement stimulates immune and lipid metabolism genes in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei . J Appl Phycol 28, 3667–3677 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-016-0889-1

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