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Improving Student Attitudes Toward Autistic Individuals: A Systematic Review

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Abstract

There is an increasing number of autistic students being educated alongside their neurotypical peers. However, placing a student in the general education setting is not sufficient for meaningful inclusion. Historically, autistic students have had fewer friendships, been less accepted, and experienced stigmatization. Interventions to increase peer attitudes toward autism have emerged as a method for creating more inclusive environments. The purpose of this literature review was to describe the interventions to improve peer attitudes toward autism, review the quality of the research, and determine the effectiveness of interventions. Specifically, this review aimed to answer the following questions: (1) what are participant characteristics and components of interventions designed to improve attitudes toward autistic individuals? (2) What is the methodological quality of interventions designed to improve attitudes toward autistic individuals, as measured by Council for Exceptional Children standards for evidence-based practices in special education (2014) criteria? (3) What is the effectiveness of interventions to improve attitudes toward autistic individuals? A total of 13 studies were located through a systematic search. Included studies were coded for study characteristics, participant characteristics, intervention, and outcomes. Across the studies, there were a total of 2097 participants. All studies included contact (either direct, indirect, or peer-mediation) and most included an education component (k = 10). Findings indicated that interventions are effective at improving attitudes toward autism, but further research is required to determine their overall impact.

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Notes

  1. Consistent with recommendations from the autistic community, the authors are using identity first language when referring to autistic people (Botha et al., 2023).

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  1. College of Education, Lehigh University, 111 Research Drive, A117, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA

    Elise Settanni, Lee Kern & Alyssa M. Blasko

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  1. Elise Settanni
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All authors contributed to the preparation of the manuscript. ES and LK contributed to the conceptualization and design of the paper. ES conducted the literature search. ES and AMB conducted the literature screening and data analysis. ES and LK drafted and critically revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Elise Settanni.

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Settanni, E., Kern, L. & Blasko, A.M. Improving Student Attitudes Toward Autistic Individuals: A Systematic Review. J Autism Dev Disord (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06082-8

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