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Wearable cellulose textile matrix self-powered biosensor sensing lactate in human sweat

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Abstract

Herein, a self-powered lactate biosensor (SPLBs) was assembled to detect lactate in sweat based on flexible textile matrix enzymatic electrodes. A porous three-dimensional electrode with high flexibility and electrical conductivity was obtained by decorating composites of reduced graphene oxide and carboxylate multiwalled carbon nanotubes onto a cellulose fabric substrate. The excellent enzyme embedding method using a gel electrolyte showed a Michaelis–Menten constant of 1.46 mM, indicating the high enzymatic activity of lactate dehydrogenase. Moreover, the assembled (SPLBs) displayed a sensitivity of 3.16 µW mM−1 cm−2 with a linear range of 0–10 mM and a detection limit of 9.49 µM. Additionally, the biosensor has good tensile flexural stability, selectivity, and long-term stability. When integrated into clothing, the (SPLBs) recovered 91.5–102.3% of lactate from real sweat, with a relative standard deviation of less than 4.16%. This biosensor is promising for sensing lactate in human sweat.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Ph.D. Research Initiation Fund of Xi’an Polytechnic University (No: 310/107020509 and No: 310/107020555); Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (Program No. 2021JQ-663, 2023-JC-QN-0565 and No. 2021JQ-671); and The Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (Program No. 21JK0662) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 22208256). The authors declare that they had no conflict of interest.

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  1. Zunbin Xia and Wei Zuo have equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Xi’an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, No.58 Shaangu Avenue, Lintong District, Xi’an, 710600, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Zunbin Xia, Wei Zuo, Haiying Li, Liewei Qiu, Ruihua Mu, Qian Wang, Hongchen Liu & Yuchen Hui

  2. School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi’an Polytechnic University, No. 19 Jinhua South Road, Beilin District, Xi’an, 710048, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Huixin Wang

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  1. Zunbin Xia
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ZX, WZ, and YH were mainly responsible for the experiments and writing of the article. HL, LQ, and RM were responsible for the drawing of the article. QW, HL, and HW were responsible for the revisions and details of the article.

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Correspondence to Wei Zuo or Yuchen Hui.

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Xia, Z., Zuo, W., Li, H. et al. Wearable cellulose textile matrix self-powered biosensor sensing lactate in human sweat. J Appl Electrochem 54, 1137–1152 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-023-02010-x

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