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Effect of refractive errors on the results of botulinum neurotoxin administration in patients with infantile esotropia

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the effect of refractive errors on the results of patients followed up with infantile esotropia (IE) and treated with botulinum neurotoxin (BNT) injection.

Methods

The files of patients with IE who presented to the ophthalmology pediatric ophthalmology unit and underwent BNT injection into both medial rectus muscles between 2019 and 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Sixty eyes of 30 patients were included in the study. Patients with additional systemic or ocular diseases and those with a history of ocular surgery were excluded. Distance and near deviations were measured (with the prism cover test or Krimsky method) before and at the first, third, and sixth months after BNT injection.

Results

In Group 1 (n = 20) with a spherical equivalent of + 2.0 diopters (D) or less, the mean near and distance deviation value was both 36.8 ± 12.7 prism diopter (PD) before injection. In Group 2 (n = 10) with a spherical equivalent of above + 2.0 D, the near deviation was measured as 35.0 ± 7.1 PD and distance deviation as 31.8 ± 7.9. At six months after BNT injection, the near and distance deviation values were 20.6 ± 12.3 and 20.6 ± 11.6 PD, respectively in Group 1 and 10.1 ± 10.3 and 8.8 ± 10.8 PD, respectively in Group 2. The change in deviation did not statistically significantly differ between the groups (p > 0.05), but the distance and near deviation values were lower in Group 2 at sixth months after BNT injection.

Conclusions

BNT injection is a preferred method in IE. Higher hypermetropic values seem to increase the success of BNT injection.

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Funding

The authors declare that this study did not receive any financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ophthalmology Department, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Alev Koçkar

  2. Ophthalmology Department, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Didem Dizdar Yiğit

  3. Ophthalmology Department, İstanbul Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ceren Gürez, Aslı İnal, Selcen Çelik, Tolga Yılmaz & Zahid Hüseyinhan

  4. İstanbul, Turkey

    Birsen Gökyiğit

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  1. Alev Koçkar
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. AK wrote the paper; DDY, CG & AK analyzed and interpreted the data; SC, TY & HZ performed the data collection. Aİ, BG & AK contributed to critical revision of the article. All authors approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Alev Koçkar.

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Koçkar, A., Dizdar Yiğit, D., Gürez, C. et al. Effect of refractive errors on the results of botulinum neurotoxin administration in patients with infantile esotropia. Int Ophthalmol 44, 67 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-024-02960-x

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