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Aniseikonia and visual functions with optical correction and after refractive surgery in axial anisometropia

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate differences in the subjective aniseikonia and stereoacuity in patients with axial anisometropia after full correction of the refractive error with spectacles, contact lenses, and refractive surgery.

Methods

A prospective study was performed in Cairo University Hospitals on 20 patients with axial anisometropia caused by unilateral myopia > 5 D with > 4 D inter-ocular difference in spherical equivalent who were suitable candidates for excimer laser ablation (LASIK) or implantable collamer lens implantation (ICL). All patients had measurement of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fusion, stereoacuity, and magnitude of aniseikonia with spectacles, contact lenses, and after surgery.

Results

The mean age at time of surgery was 25.7 ± 3.1 years. There were no statistically significant differences in the BCVA or stereoacuity with spectacles, contact lenses, or after refractive surgery. Microkonia < 5%) was perceived with spectacles in 8 patients (40%) and remained unchanged in 7 of these 8 patients with contact lenses. Following LASIK (n = 11), there was an induced macrokonia < 2% in 4 patients (36%), persistent microkonia of 3% in 1 patient (9%), and no change in image size in 6 (55%) patients. Following ICL implantation (n = 9), there was a perceived macrokonia of 2% in 4 patients (44%), disappearance of microkonia in 1 patient (11%) and no change in 4 patients (44%).

Conclusions

Differences in BCVA, stereoacuity, and aniseikonia after correction of anisometropia by glasses, contact lens and surgery are both clinically and statistically insignificant. Retinal or neural adaptation might have a role in correction for differences in image size.

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Data availability

Data are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 16 Abd El-Hady Street, Manial, Cairo, 11451, Egypt

    Hassan Ali Abdelzaher, Mohamed Karim Sidky, Ahmed Awadein & Mohamed Hosny

Authors
  1. Hassan Ali Abdelzaher
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  2. Mohamed Karim Sidky
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  3. Ahmed Awadein
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  4. Mohamed Hosny
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ahmed Awadein.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

The study protocol was approved by Cairo University Research Ethics Committee. The study and data collection conformed to all local laws and were compliant with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Written informed consent was obtained from the patients included in the study.

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All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Supplementary Information

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10792_2021_2161_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Scatter plot showing attempted spherical equivalent correction vs. the achieved equivalent correction in the LASIK (left panel) and the ICL (right panel) groups. (TIF 731 kb)

10792_2021_2161_MOESM2_ESM.tif

Histogram showing the frequency distribution of the postoperative spherical equivalent refraction in the LASIK (left panel) and the ICL (right panel) groups. (TIF 518 kb)

10792_2021_2161_MOESM3_ESM.tif

Histogram showing the frequency distribution of the pre- and post-operative astigmatic error in the LASIK (left panel) and the ICL (right panel) groups. (TIF 581 kb)

10792_2021_2161_MOESM4_ESM.tif

Line graph showing the changes in the refraction in the first 3 months in the LASIK (left panel) and the ICL (right panel) groups. (TIF 485 kb)

10792_2021_2161_MOESM5_ESM.tif

Histogram showing the cumulative frequency distribution of the Snellen’s visual acuity in the LASIK (left panel) and the ICL (right panel) groups. (TIF 507 kb)

10792_2021_2161_MOESM6_ESM.tif

Histogram showing the frequency distribution of the corrected-distance visual acuity in the LASIK (left panel) and the ICL (right panel) groups. (TIF 436 kb)

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Abdelzaher, H.A., Sidky, M.K., Awadein, A. et al. Aniseikonia and visual functions with optical correction and after refractive surgery in axial anisometropia. Int Ophthalmol 42, 1669–1677 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-02161-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-02161-w

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