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Risk factors for hypertensive phase after Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the risk factors and the clinical characteristics of the hypertensive phase (HP) after Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation.

Methods

This retrospective study included 60 eyes of 57 patients who underwent AGV implantation and with at least 1-year follow-up. HP was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mmHg in the first 3 months after the surgery. Independent samples t-test and Chi-square test were used to compare differences in patients with the HP and the non-HP groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors for the development of the HP. Statistical significance was assumed at p < 0.05 level.

Results

HP was observed in 31 eyes (51.7%) with an average peak IOP of 27.6 ± 4.5 mmHg (range 22–40 mmHg). The resolution of HP was noted in 27 eyes (87.1%) at the 3rd month postoperative visit. The number of glaucoma medications at the last postoperative visit and IOP values from 1 month to 1 year were significantly higher in the HP group (all p < 0.05). Patients with traumatic glaucoma showed the highest rate (83.3%) of HP development. In the multivariable analysis, a preoperative IOP > 30 mmHg (p = 0.03, OR:5.82; reference: ≤ 25 mmHg) and younger age (41–64 years, p = 0.02, OR:8.49; ≤ 40 years, p = 0.001, OR:19.62; reference: ≥ 65 years) were independently associated with the occurrence of HP.

Conclusion

Hypertensive phase was observed in half of the patients undergoing AGV implantation. A higher mean preoperative IOP and younger age were risk factors for HP development. Although the majority resolved at the 3-month visit, eyes with HP had higher mean IOPs and required more IOP lowering medications.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ophthalmology Clinic, Devrek State Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey

    Onur Özalp

  2. Ophthalmology Clinic, Yunus Emre State Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey

    Serdar İlgüy

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University Medical School, Eskişehir, Turkey

    Eray Atalay, Tülay Şimşek & Nilgün Yıldırım

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  1. Onur Özalp
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  2. Serdar İlgüy
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  3. Eray Atalay
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  5. Nilgün Yıldırım
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Contributions

NY, EA, and TŞ contributed to the conception, design, and interpretation of the data. OÖ, SI, and EA contributed to data analysis and drafted the article. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Nilgün Yıldırım.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Özalp, O., İlgüy, S., Atalay, E. et al. Risk factors for hypertensive phase after Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation. Int Ophthalmol 42, 147–156 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-02009-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-02009-3

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