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Does anisometropia affect the ciliary muscle thickness? An ultrasound biomicroscopy study

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Abstract

Purpose

To compare the ciliary muscle thickness (CMT) of the normal fellow eye to that of the amblyopic eye using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in patients with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia.

Methods

Thirty patients with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia were involved. The patients were divided into two groups: 19 hyperopic and 11 myopic. Axial length (AL) was measured with optic biometry and anterior chamber depth (ACD), iris area, and CMT were measured with UBM.

Results

The mean age was 34.10 ± 6.61 years. The mean spherical difference between two eyes was 2.59 diopter (D) in hyperopic patients and 3.77D in myopic patients. In the hyperopic patients, nasal CMT1(nCMT), temporal CMT1(tCMT), tCMT2, and tCMT3 values were statistically thinner in amblyopic eyes than healthy eyes (p = 0.036, p = 0.003, p = 0.023, p = 0.005, respectively). ACD values were statistically lower in amblyopic eyes (2.78 ± 0.26 mm) than healthy eyes (2.90 ± 0.21 mm) (p < 0.001). In the myopic patients, nCMT1, nCMT2, nCMT3, tCMT1, tCMT2, and tCMT3 values were statistically thicker in amblyopic eyes than healthy eyes (p = 0.003, p = 0.003, p = 0.005, p = 0.003, p = 0.003, p = 0.019, respectively). ACD values were statistically higher in amblyopic eyes (3.20 ± 0.30 mm) than healthy eyes (3.06 ± 0.29 mm) (p = 0.004). Also, there was no significant difference in the iris area between the amblyopic and normal eyes of the myopic and hyperopic patients (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Amblyopic eyes in patients with unilateral myopic anisometropia have thicker CMT and deeper ACD than healthy eyes. Conversely, amblyopic eyes in patients with unilateral hyperopic anisometropia have thinner CMT and shorter ACD than healthy eyes. There is a positive correlation between AL and CMT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Hitit University Faculty of Medicine, Ulukavak Mahallesi, Çiftlik, Çayırı Cd. 45 A, Çorum Merkez, 019040, Çorum, Turkey

    Selim Cevher & Tayfun Şahin

Authors
  1. Selim Cevher
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  2. Tayfun Şahin
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Contributions

SC: Study conception and design, Drafting of manuscript, Critical revision, Acquisition of data. TŞ Drafting of manuscript, Acquisition of data.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Selim Cevher.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were inaccordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. IRB/ethics committee name, date and number: Hitit University Faculty of Medicine, 10/07/2019, 2019-28.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Cevher, S., Şahin, T. Does anisometropia affect the ciliary muscle thickness? An ultrasound biomicroscopy study. Int Ophthalmol 40, 3393–3402 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01625-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01625-9

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