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Variability of fish larvae assemblages relative to mesoscale features in the deep water region of the southern Gulf of Mexico

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Abstract

In the Gulf of Mexico (GoM), mesoscale features strongly influence hydrographic and circulation patterns, which can favor larval retention and/or transport. Most ichthyoplankton studies in the southern GoM (south of 25°N) have focused on the continental shelves and the Bay of Campeche (BoC), and little is known about larval fish assemblages in the oceanic region. We compared the structure of the assemblages among stations from contrasting mesoscale features in the deep water region (depths greater than 1000 m), hypothesizing that there is a higher similarity in assemblages from stations within the same feature. Ichthyoplankton samples were collected in the upper 200 m during two oceanographic cruises. Analyses of sea surface heights and temperature anomaly profiles allowed us to identify the stations corresponding to specific mesoscale features, including cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies, upwelling, river discharge waters transported offshore, and the Loop Current. Larval fish assemblages were not strictly differentiated among features, except for one assemblage identified within an anticyclonic eddy. Stations within the BoC could be discriminated from the northern oceanic region due to high larval fish abundances and to the occurrence of taxa that inhabit coastal and neritic habitats as adults, which are transported offshore due to local oceanographic processes.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Mexico’s Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático of the Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (INECC-SEMARNAT) and the Fondo Institucional del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (FOINS-CONACYT) for financing the project “Baseline studies of the deepwater region of the Gulf of Mexico in response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill”. L. Echeverri-García was supported by a graduate research fellowship awarded by CONACYT. We thank the scientific participants of the XIXIMI cruises for help with sampling, the crew of the B/O Justo Sierra, the Ichthyoplankton Laboratory at IPN-CICIMAR and the Laboratory of Fisheries Ecology in CICESE for aid in sample processing. This study has been conducted using E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information http://marine.copernicus.eu/. We are very grateful for the careful and constructive comments of the two reviewers that reviewed this manuscript.

Funding

Mexico’s Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático of the Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (INECC-SEMARNAT) and the Fondo Institucional del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (FOINS-CONACYT) financed the project “Baseline studies of the deepwater region of the Gulf of Mexico in response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.”

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  1. Department of Biological Oceanography, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), 3918 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Zona Playitas, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico

    Laura del Pilar Echeverri-García, Gonzalo Daudén-Bengoa, Jesus C. Compaire, Vicente Ferreira-Bartrina & Sharon Z. Herzka

  2. Department of Plankton and Marine Ecology, Instituto Politécnico Nacional-Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (IPN-CICIMAR), Av. IPN s/n Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, CP 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico

    Sylvia P. A. Jiménez-Rosenberg

  3. Department of Physical Oceanography, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada 22860, Mexico

    Paula Pérez-Brunius

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  1. Laura del Pilar Echeverri-García
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  2. Gonzalo Daudén-Bengoa
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  3. Jesus C. Compaire
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  6. Vicente Ferreira-Bartrina
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Contributions

Laura del Pilar Echeverri-García and Sharon Z. Herzka designed the study, Laura del Pilar Echeverri-García and Sylvia P. A. Jiménez-Rosenberg identified the larvae, Laura del Pilar Echeverri-García, Gonzalo Daudén Bengoa and Jesus C. Compaire analyzed oceanographic data. All authors contributed to interpretation and the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sharon Z. Herzka.

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del Pilar Echeverri-García, L., Daudén-Bengoa, G., Compaire, J.C. et al. Variability of fish larvae assemblages relative to mesoscale features in the deep water region of the southern Gulf of Mexico. Hydrobiologia 849, 1471–1493 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04797-w

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