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The effects of a sediment flushing on Alpine macroinvertebrate communities

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Abstract

Sediment flushing from dams can help desilting reservoirs and reinstate the longitudinal sediment transfer continuity in rivers, but negative ecological impacts might arise. We monitored the ecological effects of a flushing event conducted from 27th May to 14th June 2019 in the Rienz River, in South Tyrol (NE Italy). Using a multi-habitat scheme approach, we collected macroinvertebrates 10 days before, and then 40 and 74 days after the completion of the operations. We selected seven biological traits—organism size, life cycle duration, mobility (dispersal and locomotion), feeding type, substrate and current velocity preference—to characterize and compare the invertebrate communities before and after the sediment pulse disturbance. Turbidity was recorded continuously for the entire duration of the event. Results indicate that invertebrate assemblages exhibited a general decrease in taxonomic richness and Shannon diversity 40 days after the event, but density and richness recovered over time. Shifts in species composition were observed in post flushing samples, with a reduction in density of sensitive species (Heptageniidae) and shredders. Post-flushing samples were generally characterized by sediment-tolerant taxa, able to cope with the new habitat conditions. Altered taxonomic and functional community composition following the flushing prevented the full functional recovery to pre-disturbance conditions.

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Acknowledgments

This study would not have been possible without the help of numerous people, first in installing the turbidimeters, and secondly in collecting invertebrates. For their help, SF wishes to thank Velio Coviello, Gianluca Vignoli, Silvia Simoni, Corrado Lucarelli, Alessio Bendazzoli, Giulia Stradiotti, Sebastiano Piccolroaz, Francesca Vallefuoco, Miyata Sushuke. SF extends her thankfulness to Alperia spa for allowing us to carry out this work and providing the reservoir water levels, and to the Environmental Protection Agency of the Province of Bolzano-Bozen for analysing water samples. Two anonymous reviewers greatly helped to improve the manuscript with their constructive comments.

Funding

Partial financial support was received from the project Sediplan-r (FESR1002), financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) Investment for Growth and Jobs Programme 2014–2020.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bozen-Bolzano, Italy

    Silvia Folegot, Konstantinos Kaffas, Giuseppe R. Pisaturo, Andrea Andreoli, Francesco Comiti & Righetti Maurizio

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30170, Venice, Italy

    Silvia Folegot

  3. Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy

    Maria Cristina Bruno & Stefano Larsen

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  1. Silvia Folegot
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Folegot, S., Bruno, M.C., Larsen, S. et al. The effects of a sediment flushing on Alpine macroinvertebrate communities. Hydrobiologia 848, 3921–3941 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04608-8

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