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Synergistic effects of nutrients and light favor Nostocales over non-heterocystous cyanobacteria

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Abstract

Blooms of Nostocales (Cyanobacteria) are thought to be invading subtropical and temperate water bodies. According to nutrient stoichiometry and physiological differences between cyanobacterial groups, the replacement of non-heterocystous species by Nostocales is favored when dissolved inorganic nitrogen decreases. However, some studies have shown different trends. We used laboratory bioassays to evaluate the concomitant effects of light and nutrient enrichment on phytoplankton assemblages dominated by non-heterocystous filamentous cyanobacteria. Three nutrient conditions (no addition, addition of phosphate, and addition of nitrate and phosphate) and two light intensities (40 and 80 µmol photon m−2 s−1) were assayed. Nostocales replaced or co-dominated with non-heterocystous species in all treatments by the end of the study. The shift in community composition towards Nostocales dominance led to an increase in species richness, which suggests that species with different eco-physiological traits may have differential impacts on diversity. The highest saxitoxin concentrations were measured in no addition treatments, which could link production to nutritional stress. Nostocales featured high phenotypic plasticity in terms of changes in average trichome volume and growth rates. These results help to have a better understanding of the conditions under which Nostocales predominance can occur.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financed by ANII_FCE6384, Uruguay and CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (EXA743/15) and FIBA, Argentina. We thank Fátima Martigani and Federica Hirsch for technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET) and Fundación para Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas (FIBA), Vieytes 3103, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina

    Anabella Aguilera & Graciela L. Salerno

  2. Grupo de Ecología y Fisiología de Fitoplancton, Sección Limnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Luis Aubriot & Sylvia Bonilla

  3. División Ficología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata & CIC-BA, Paseo del Bosque s/no, 1900, La Plata, Argentina

    Ricardo O. Echenique

  4. Área Bioquímica, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Beatriz M. Brena

  5. Área Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av Navarro 3051, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Macarena Pírez

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  1. Anabella Aguilera
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10750_2017_3099_MOESM1_ESM.eps

Supplementary material 1 (EPS 5149 kb) S1 Nostocales: non-heterocystous species biovolume ratio under tested treatments. Bars represent mean ratio and standard deviation (n=3) for each nutrient treatment: no addition (A-B); addition of P (C-D); addition of N and P (E-F). Low light treatments (40 µmol photon m−2 s−1) are on the left and high light treatments (80 µmol photon m−2 s−1) on the right. Dash line denotes the ratio at T=0 (0.07)

10750_2017_3099_MOESM2_ESM.eps

Supplementary material 2 (EPS 998 kb) S2 Percentage of trichomes of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii with heterocysts at the end of the experiment (T=11). Bars represent means and standard deviation (n=3) for each nutrient treatment. Values significantly different (two-way ANOVA, Holm-Sidak post hoc test p < 0.01) are marked with letter a

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Aguilera, A., Aubriot, L., Echenique, R.O. et al. Synergistic effects of nutrients and light favor Nostocales over non-heterocystous cyanobacteria. Hydrobiologia 794, 241–255 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3099-1

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