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Effects of catheter-based renal denervation on heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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Abstract

Despite the major progress in the treatment of heart failure, the burden of heart failure is steadily increasing in the Western world. Heart failure is characterized by increased sympathetic activity, and chronic sympathetic activation is involved in the maintenance of the pathological state. Recent studies have shown that catheter-based renal denervation (RDN) presents a safe and minimally invasive treatment option for uncontrolled hypertension, a condition that is driven by increased sympathetic activity. Although randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have examined the effect of RDN in heart failure patients, results are inconsistent due partly to limited power with small sample sizes. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of RCTs on the effect of RDN in heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). Electronic search identified 5 RCTs including 177 patients. In the pooled analysis, RDN increased LVEF (weighted mean difference (WMD) [95% CI] = 6.289 [1.883, 10.695]%) and 6-min walk distance (61.063 [24.313, 97.813] m) and decreased B-type natriuretic peptide levels (standardized mean difference [95% CI] = − 1.139 [− 1.824, − 0.454]) compared with control. In contrast, RDN did not significantly change estimated glomerular filtration rate (WMD [95% CI] = 5.969 [− 2.595, 14.533] ml/min/1.73 m2) and systolic (− 1.991 [− 15.639, 11.655] mmHg) or diastolic (− 0.003 [− 10.325, 10.320] mmHg) blood pressure compared with control. Our meta-analysis suggests that RDN may improve LV function and exercise capacity in heart failure patients with reduced EF, providing the rationale to conduct large-scale multicenter trials to confirm the observed potential benefits of RDN.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Core Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan

    Hidekatsu Fukuta

  2. Department of Cardiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan

    Toshihiko Goto, Kazuaki Wakami & Nobuyuki Ohte

  3. Department of Medical Innovation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan

    Takeshi Kamiya

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  1. Hidekatsu Fukuta
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  2. Toshihiko Goto
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  5. Nobuyuki Ohte
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Correspondence to Hidekatsu Fukuta.

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Conflict of interest

Dr. Ohte has received lecture fees from Daiichi Sankyo Co. and grant support from Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.; and Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Dr. Kamiya has received lecture fees from Astellas Pharma Inc. and Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

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Fukuta, H., Goto, T., Wakami, K. et al. Effects of catheter-based renal denervation on heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Heart Fail Rev 27, 29–36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-020-09974-4

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