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Micropropagation of banana genetic resources adapted to the Argentine environment and generation of new variability for agronomic traits through somaclonal variation

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Abstract

Banana is a crop that generally presents low genetic variability. Hence, in vitro culture is used to obtain pathogen-free micropropagated plants. The objectives of this study were to perform micropropagation using meristem explants from 13 promising banana clones collected at farmers' fields in the Argentinean Formosa province, characterize the regenerated and the explant's donor plants using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) profiles. evaluate the regenerated plants carrying molecular polymorphism and the non-regenerated plants by quantitative traits of agronomic value, and identify associations between the molecular and phenotypic variability. These objectives were motivated by the fact that regenerated individuals frequently exhibit somaclonal variation. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the molecular and phenotypic data as well as their associations. Although only two different clones could be regenerated, the total number of micropropagated plants was high. These plants presented a wider range of molecular and phenotypic variability than the non-regenerated plants, and associations were found between molecular somaclonal variations and agronomic traits related to tolerance to black leaf streak, photosynthetic capacity and carbohydrate storage capacity.

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Acknowledgements

Authors express their gratitude to Verónica García and Sol Degreef for their technical assistance in in vitro experiments and to César Keim and Hernán Romero for their technical support in field experiments. They are also grateful to UNR for financial support 80020190300141UR (Selección de clones de banana por características vegetativas y de calidad de fruta adaptados a los agroecosistemas subtropicales de Argentina) granted to GRP by UNR 2020-2024.

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The Funding was provided by Universidad Nacional de Rosario.

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JLES carried out in vitro and molecular experiments as part of his Doctoral Thesis, directed by GRP. GCT carried out field experiments as part of his Doctoral Thesis, directed by GRP. GRP conceptualized the research and provided the financial support. This manuscript was co-written by all authors.

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Correspondence to Guillermo Raúl Pratta.

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Ermini Starna, J.L., Tenaglia, G.C. & Pratta, G.R. Micropropagation of banana genetic resources adapted to the Argentine environment and generation of new variability for agronomic traits through somaclonal variation. Genet Resour Crop Evol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01840-0

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