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Characterization of wild Onobrychis Mill. Subgenus Sisyrosema bunge (Fabaceae) germplasm resources from Iran using macro and micro-morphological traits

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Abstract

The genus Onobrychis Mill. is one of the most economically important members of the family Fabaceae, which has a complicated infrageneric taxonomy. The genus has been traditionally divided into two subgenera, in which species of each subgenus have been classified in some sections. In the present study, the macro- and micro-morphological characteristics of legumes in three sections of the subgenus Sisyrosema were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy techniques. In total, 10 qualitative and quantitative traits were examined with 15 replicates per trait. PAST software and the multivariate statistical program were used for statistical data analyses. All taxa have one-segmented legumes, and their dimensions significantly vary among the taxa. The legume's shape varied between elliptic, circular, semicircular, and reniform, however; the most common shape was detected as reniform. Additionally, fruit in half of the taxa had dorsi-ventral symmetry. The legume outline view was detected as plumose, smooth, and short hispid, with the plumose as the abundant form. The exocarp surface indumentum was observed as glabrous, plumose (the most frequently-occurring shape), tomentose, pilose, villous, pubescent, puberulouse, plumose + villous, and short hispid + silky. The exocarp sculpturing pattern was observed as uni-formed reticulate (Afghanica and Heliobrychis) and hetero-formed reticulate (Hymenobrychis). In some cases, the taxa classification pattern did not follow species grouping in sections according to Flora Iranica. All the examined traits present a lack of taxonomic value at the section level. Among the characteristics, legumes shape and exocarp sculpturing patterns can be considered as diagnostic traits at the species level. However, the indumentum type, color, and shape of legumes, and their dorsi-ventral symmetry have limited taxonomic value at the infraspecific level. Our results support the non-monophyly hypothesis of these sections, however, the taxonomic level of some infraspecific taxa must be updated to species.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forest and Rangelands Research, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran

    Narjes Azizi

  2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran

    Seyed Mehdi Talebi

  3. Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

    Raheleh Tabaripour

  4. Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran

    Mehrnaz Hatami

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  1. Narjes Azizi
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N.A. performed the experiment and collected the data. S.M.T. supervised the research. R.T. and M.H advised the research and revised the manuscript critically. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Seyed Mehdi Talebi or Mehrnaz Hatami.

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Azizi, N., Talebi, S.M., Tabaripour, R. et al. Characterization of wild Onobrychis Mill. Subgenus Sisyrosema bunge (Fabaceae) germplasm resources from Iran using macro and micro-morphological traits. Genet Resour Crop Evol 71, 1795–1811 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01734-1

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