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Identification of inbred lines harbouring favourable dominant alleles not present in the parents of three elite maize (Zea mays L.) single cross hybrids

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Abstract

Genetic improvement of popular elite single cross hybrids (SCHs) is considered as the most economical and fast-track approach to enhance the productivity of hybrids in crops including maize. This approach requires improvement of parents (I1 and I2) of elite SCHs. This in turn requires apriori identification of donor inbred lines (Id) containing favorable dominant alleles not present in I1 and I2 of elite SCHs. Under these premises, we evaluated test cross (TC) hybrids derived from crossing 11 putative inbred lines with parents of three elite SCHs for grain yield across five temporal and spatial environments. Based on the four predictor statistics namely relative number of favourable alleles present only in Id (μG'), minimum upper bound on μG (UBND), Net improvement (NI) and Probability of net gain of favourable allele (PNGg) estimated based on the grain yield of TC hybrids, we identified three best Id for improvement of ‘Hema’, ‘Nithyashree’ and ‘MAH 4–5’ hybrids. Using the relationship estimators, we identified that seed parent of ‘Hema’, and pollen parents of ‘Nithyashree’ and ‘MAH 14–5’ are to be improved. Further, we could also find that the number of favourable dominant alleles in Id were far more than those in any parent of ‘Hema’ and ‘Nithyashree’. On the contrary, three tested Id were comparable to parents of ‘MAH 14–5’. Based on these results we predicted that it is desirable to develop improved versions of parents of ‘Hema’ and ‘Nithyashree’ and those of ‘MAH 14–5’ from backcross and F2 populations, respectively. We have also proposed breeding pipeline for improvement of parents of the three elite SCHs.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge CIMMYT, Mexico for sharing inbred lines constituting experimental material of our study. We also acknowledge the Corteva Agriscience, Bangalore, India for providing facility for evaluating the experimental material. The senior author gratefully acknowledges Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India for providing Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) vide No. 09/0271(12086)/2021-EMR-1 dated 01-05-2021 for pursuing PhD degree program at University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India.

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  1. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Chindi Basavaraj Siddu, Sampangi Ramesh, Mugali Pundalik Kalpana, Gonal Basanagouda, Hosakoti Sathish, Suryavanshi Aniketh, Narayanaswami Karthik, Dinesh Sindhu, Munegowda Kemparaju, Rotti Kirankumar, Basalapura Rangegowda Chandana, Balthikumeru Vishwanatha Sinchana, Puttaswamygowda Mahadevu, Devangondi Chinnaswamy Gowda Balasundara & Nanjundappa Mallikarjuna

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  1. Chindi Basavaraj Siddu
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Correspondence to Sampangi Ramesh.

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Siddu, C.B., Ramesh, S., Kalpana, M.P. et al. Identification of inbred lines harbouring favourable dominant alleles not present in the parents of three elite maize (Zea mays L.) single cross hybrids. Genet Resour Crop Evol 71, 851–862 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01666-w

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