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Genetic relationship and species identification of Dioscorea polystachya Turcz. in Yams determined by ISSR, ISAP, SRAP and SCAR markers

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Abstract

Dioscorea polystachya Turcz. is the authentic herb Yam in Chinese traditional medicine. In the medicinal marketplace, some related Dioscorea species are mislabeled as “Yams”, such as D. alata L., D. exalata C.T. Ting & M.C. Chang, D. persimili Prain et Burkill, D. fordii Prain et Burkill and D. japonica Thunb. To determine the genetic relationships among these species and develop a rapid and accurate method for D. polystachya identification, Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR), Intron Sequence Amplified Polymorphism (ISAP), Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) and Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) markers were used in this study. By combining ISSR, ISAP and SRAP markers, a high degree of variation among the Dioscorea species was detected. Moreover, a relatively high gene flow (Nm = 0.3293) among the species was observed. This may result from gene pool exchanges of wild materials. The phylogenetic tree and genetic similarity analysis showed that D. japonica had the closest genetic relationship with D. polystachya. Considering the lowest inter-species variation observed in D. polystachya and the highest genetic divergence within D. japonica, we suggest a taxonomy of a one-species complex, D. polystachya–D. japonica, for breeding and conservation purposes. The phylogenetic data in this study indicated that D. alata and D. persimilis are independent species, not cultigens. Furthermore, a SCAR marker was developed that could be used to discriminate the authentic herb D. polystachya from other Dioscorea species. Overall, these results are useful as guidelines for breeding programs and conservation actions.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University for assistance with molecular markers profiling and double-blind tests. We thank Dr. Mingming Bai, Dr. Baiqing Ren, Dr. Ke Wang, Dr. Yanglian Wei and Dr. Haisong Guo for supplying Diocorea materials. We thank the Xuzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Wenxian Institute of Agricultural Sciences for supplying Diocorea materials. In memory of our mentors Prof. Ting Chihtsum (Ding Zhizun) and Deng Maobin, who were the most prestigious experts in taxonomic research of Dioscoreaceae and Hamamelidaceae.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the Science Fund of Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry (2021kj23), the Natural Science Founding of Jiangsu Province (BK20180316) to MC, the Ability Improvement Project of Jiangsu Social Scientific Research Institutions (BM2018021-2) to XQS and the Independent Research Project of Jiangsu Provincial Public Welfare Research Institute (BM2018021-2).

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  1. Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China

    Wang Yue, Gu Zixia, Chen Min, Zhang Yanmei, Sun Xiaoqin, Zhou Yifeng & Bin Peng

  2. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Engineering and Technical Center for Modern Horticulture, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jiangsu, 212400, China

    Bin Peng

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  1. Wang Yue
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Correspondence to Zhou Yifeng or Bin Peng.

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Yue, W., Zixia, G., Min, C. et al. Genetic relationship and species identification of Dioscorea polystachya Turcz. in Yams determined by ISSR, ISAP, SRAP and SCAR markers. Genet Resour Crop Evol 69, 1953–1964 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-022-01356-z

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