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Geometric compactification of moduli spaces of half-translation structures on surfaces

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Abstract

In this paper, we give an equivariant compactification of the space \({\mathbb {P}}{\text {Flat}}(\Sigma )\) of homothety classes of half-translation structures on a compact, connected, orientable surface \(\Sigma \). We introduce the space \({\mathbb {P}}{\text {Mix}}(\Sigma )\) of homothety classes of mixed structures on \(\Sigma \), that are \({\text {CAT}}(0)\) tree-graded spaces in the sense of Drutu and Sapir, with pieces which are \({\mathbb {R}}\)-trees and completions of surfaces endowed with half-translation structures. Endowing \({\text {Mix}}(\Sigma )\) with the equivariant Gromov topology, and using asymptotic cone techniques, we prove that \({\mathbb {P}}{\text {Mix}}(\Sigma )\) is an equivariant compactification of \({\mathbb {P}}{\text {Flat}}(\Sigma )\), thus allowing us to understand in a geometric way the degenerations of half-translation structures on \(\Sigma \). We finally compare our compactification to the one of Duchin–Leininger–Rafi, based on geodesic currents on \(\Sigma \), by the mean of the translation distances of the elements of the covering group of \(\Sigma \).

Résumé

Dans cet article, on construit une compactification équivariante de l’espace \({\mathbb {P}}{\text {Flat}}(\Sigma )\) des classes d’homothétie de structures de demi-translation sur une surface \(\Sigma \) compacte, connexe, orientable. On définit l’espace \({\mathbb {P}}{\text {Mix}}(\Sigma )\) des classes d’homothétie de structures mixtes sur \(\Sigma \), qui sont des structures arborescentes, au sens de Drutu et Sapir, \({\text {CAT}}(0)\), dont les piéces sont des arbres réels ou des complétés de surfaces munies de structures de demi-translation. En munissant \({\text {Mix}}(\Sigma )\) de la topologie de Gromov équivariante, et en utilisant des techniques de cônes asymptotiques à la Gromov, on montre que \({\mathbb {P}}{\text {Mix}}(\Sigma )\) est une compactification équivariante de \({\mathbb {P}}{\text {Flat}}(\Sigma )\), ce qui nous permet de comprendre géométriquement les dégénérescences de structures de demi-translation sur \(\Sigma \). On compare ensuite cette compactification à celle de Duchin–Leininger–Rafi, qui utilise des courants géodésiques, en passant par les distances de translation des éléments du groupe de revêtement de \(\Sigma \).

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Acknowledgements

I want to thank Frédéric Paulin for many advices and corrections that have deeply improved the writting of this paper. Funding was provided by École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud.

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Morzadec, T. Geometric compactification of moduli spaces of half-translation structures on surfaces. Geom Dedicata 193, 31–72 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10711-017-0256-7

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