Abstract
The high dynamism of repetitive DNAs is a major driver of chromosome evolution. In particular, the accumulation of repetitive DNA sequences has been reported as part of the differentiation of sex-specific chromosomes. In turn, the fish species of the genus Megaleporinus are a monophyletic clade in which the presence of differentiated ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes represents a synapomorphic condition, thus serving as a suitable model to evaluate the dynamic evolution of repetitive DNA classes. Therefore, transposable elements (TEs) and in tandem repeats were isolated and located on chromosomes of Megaleporinus obtusidens and M. reinhardti to infer their role in chromosome differentiation with emphasis on sex chromosome systems. Despite the conserved karyotype features of both species, the location of repetitive sequences - Rex 1, Rex 3, (TTAGGG)n, (GATA)n, (GA)n, (CA)n, and (A)n - varied both intra and interspecifically, being mainly accumulated in Z and W chromosomes. The physical mapping of repetitive sequences confirmed the remarkable dynamics of repetitive DNA classes on sex chromosomes that might have promoted chromosome diversification and reproductive isolation in Megaleporinus species.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to ICMBio (Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade) for authorizing the collection of samples (license numbers 10538-1, 15117-1, 26752-3).
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This study was supported by the Fundação Araucária (Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Estado do Paraná), FAPESB (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia), CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Finance Code 001), and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – 305142/2019-4).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. TAD, MA, VDN, VN, and DD contributed to the cytogenetics experiments. MA and MRV performed sequence data analysis. TAD, MA, CAL, RBN, PRAMA, and MRV writing of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Dulz, T.A., Azambuja, M., Lorscheider, C.A. et al. Repetitive DNAs and chromosome evolution in Megaleporinus obtusidens and M. reinhardti (Characiformes: Anostomidae). Genetica (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-024-00206-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-024-00206-3