Abstract
This paper investigates the factors shaping the social and spatial configuration of informal settlements in Quito, centring on the research question: What configures the sociospatial layout of informal settlements? While extensive literature exists on the characteristics of informal settlements, scholars concur that the challenges these communities face are not static; they continuously change over time and differ significantly from one city to another. A qualitative method combining document analysis, site observations, and interviews with key stakeholders involved in informal settlements was adopted to gain a comprehensive understanding of these environments. The study reveals unreported factors influencing the configuration of informal settlements, including the role of social organisations like football leagues and the importance of local skills and knowledge. It also explores the connections and mutual influences between informal settlements, nearby neighbourhoods, and city core infrastructures, along with the demographic aspect within these communities. The findings of this study provide valuable contributions to academic research and practical applications in urban planning and policymaking. They offer fresh perspectives on the complexities of informal settlements, equipping urban planners and policymakers with crucial insights to inform strategies that are specifically designed to address the distinct needs of these communities.
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Notes
A huasipungo was a small plot of land in Ecuador, often of poor agricultural quality, given to Indigenous labourers in return for their work on larger estates (Cossin, 2019). This system symbolised the exploitation and socio-economic injustices faced by Indigenous communities.
A minga is an Andean tradition of voluntary community collaboration for collective goals, involving tasks like weeding, infrastructure construction and maintenance (roads, bridges, water systems, schools), environmental restoration, festival preparations, and disaster relief. This indigenous practice underscores solidarity, reciprocity, and community strengthening (Da Cruz E Sousa & Ríos-Touma, 2017).
Locally known as lotizadores irregulares, these individuals or groups lead the acquisition of land, often through informal or unauthorised means, and then subdivide and sell it as individual plots. Their activities, while not legally sanctioned, are a common feature in the development of informal settlements.
Chulqueros refers to local informal moneylenders who operate outside of the formal banking system. These lenders often provide loans to residents of informal settlements, who hardly have access to banking services, to finance their home construction or land purchases. However, these loans come with very high interest rates.
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Acknowledgements
I would like to extend my sincere appreciation to the Ministry of Social and Economic Inclusion of Ecuador for their invaluable support and assistance throughout this research. Their collaboration and assistance were instrumental in facilitating my access to the community leaders of the informal settlements in Quito.
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Loor, I. Unveiling the dynamics of informal settlements in quito: occupation, organisation, and infrastructure challenges. GeoJournal 89, 76 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-024-11076-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-024-11076-9