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Experimental study on impact signal frequency spectrum and energy distribution characteristics of water-stone flow

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Abstract

Understanding of impact characteristics is the basis of studying the hydrodynamic characteristics of water–rock flow. The impact and vibration characteristics of water-stone flow on protective structures were comprehensively studied in the research presented in this paper using an indoor large-scale test. Five groups (A–E) of graded crushed stone particles, combined with six levels of solid–liquid ratio (0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25) were used in this testing program. The spectrum and the energy spectrum of impact acceleration signal were analyzed and pertinent information was extracted using wavelet theory. The test results showed that the auto correlation curve of the impact signal had a maximum value when the delay of impact acceleration signal (τ) was zero, and the curves on both sides of the instant of impact were non-periodic, indicating that the periodicity of the signal was poor. However, two observed impulse signals were stable and they highly correlated. Maximum energy of the shock signal was located in the low frequency within an approximate coefficient a8 band, and the maximum amplitude of each band decayed from a low frequency (a8: 0–0.3905 Hz) to an high frequency (d5: 3.125–6.25 Hz), while the attenuation amplitude decreased gradually. The real impact acceleration signal of the water-stone flow was in the band of 0–6.25 Hz, and the rest were a result of signal noise. The research provided a new and innovative methodology of studying the impact characteristics of such debris flow, and also provided some significant guidance for the design of water-stone flow disaster prevention structures.

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Data availability

The acquisition of experimental data is obtained by the physical model experiment conducted in a debris flow simulation laboratory at Zaozhuang University (Shandong, China). The experimental results are repeatable. Relevant scholars can use similar experimental models or visit the laboratory to further verify the reliability of the experimental data.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Program on Key Research Project of China (Grant No. 2018YFC1505405).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institue of Geotechnical Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400071, China

    Xuehai Liao

  2. School of City and Architecture Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, 277160, Shandong, China

    Hongkai Chen & Jinhao Zhang

  3. Nanjiang Hydrogeological and Engineering Geology Brigade, Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Survey, Chongqing, 401147, China

    Xuehai Liao

  4. China Construction Seventh Engineering Division. Corp. Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China

    Kai Su

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  1. Xuehai Liao
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  2. Hongkai Chen
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Correspondence to Xuehai Liao.

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Liao, X., Chen, H., Zhang, J. et al. Experimental study on impact signal frequency spectrum and energy distribution characteristics of water-stone flow. Geotech Geol Eng 40, 1739–1750 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-01990-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-01990-x

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