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Long-term effects of liquid swine manure on soil organic carbon and Cu/Zn levels in soil and maize

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Abstract

Swine feed is often supplemented with Cu and Zn, but > 90% of the ingested metal is excreted, ultimately accumulating in soil treated with liquid swine manure (LSM) to meet nitrogen (N) requirements. A maize field experiment was conducted between 2002 and 2015 in the Ebro Valley (north-east Spain) to determine the effects of long-term LSM application at two rates [30 and 50 m3 ha−1, equivalent to ~ 220 (218) and ~ 390 (389) kg N ha−1] compared to 0 and 300 kg N ha−1 mineral fertilizer. The highest Cu concentration in plants (5.03 mg kg−1) was observed following the 300 kg N ha−1 treatment. The treatments did not affect plant Zn levels (~ 21 mg kg−1). All whole-plant and grain metal concentrations were lower than threshold values for animal and human ingestion (30 mg Cu kg−1 and 500–1300 mg Zn kg−1). After 12 years, the soil organic carbon (SOC) of 13 g kg−1 in the first year (2002) increased by 19% and 26% at the low and high LSM rates, respectively. Mineral fertilization (300 kg N ha−1) achieved a 22% increase in SOC and also the 0 kg N ha−1 control treatment caused the SOC to rise by 11%. LSM applications do not seem to have adverse effects on maize yields after 12 years of applications.

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Acknowledgements

We would thank the agronomists of the University of Lleida Field Crops Department, and Carlos Ortíz, Elena Puigpinós and Jaume Boixadera of the Department of Agriculture of Catalonia (DARP), Ricardo Blanco for help with statistical analysis, and Paula Prieto and all the people who directly or indirectly participated in this study. This work was funded by the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (CICYT) of Spain through Projects AGL2001-2214-C06-05, AGL2005-0820-05-03/AGR, AGL2009-12897/C02-01 and AGL2012-35122.

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  1. Agrotecnio, Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain

    E. Martínez, A. Maresma, A. Biau, P. Berenguer, S. Cela, F. Santiveri, A. Michelena & J. Lloveras

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Martínez, E., Maresma, A., Biau, A. et al. Long-term effects of liquid swine manure on soil organic carbon and Cu/Zn levels in soil and maize. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 118, 193–205 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-020-10093-7

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