Abstract
Nutritional programming — the association between the early nutritional environment and long-term consequences for an animal — is an emerging area of research in fish biology. Previous studies reported correlations between maternal provisioning of essential fatty acids to eggs and the whole-body fatty acid composition of larvae reared under uniform conditions for red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. This study aimed to further investigate the nutritional stimulus and the consequences of nutritional programming by feeding adult red drum several distinct diets and rearing larvae under uniform conditions until 21 days post-hatching when larval lipid and fatty acid compositions were assessed. Different maternal diets produced eggs with distinctive lipid and fatty acid compositions, and despite receiving the same larval diet for almost 3 weeks, larvae showed differences in total fatty acid accumulation and in retention of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA). Specifically, larvae reared from a maternal diet of shrimp generally showed elevated levels of fatty acids in the initial steps of the n-3 and n-6 HUFA biosynthetic pathways and reduced levels of fatty acid products of the same pathways, especially in triglyceride. Furthermore, the variations in larval fatty acid accumulation induced by maternal diet varied among females. Lipid metabolism altered by parental diet may have consequences for larval physiological processes and behavioral performance, which may ultimately influence larval survival.
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Data availability
The associated data are available at Texas Data Repository https://doi.org/10.18738/T8/BM2XBS.
Code availability
Not applicable.
Notes
Types of fish feeds were switched due to a supply shortage during the 2020 COVID pandemic. The two fish feeds showed similar lipid class and fatty acid profiles, which are provided as supplementary files.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Jeff Kaiser, Leigh Walsh, and Rene Lopez at the Fisheries and Mariculture Laboratory for assisting with broodstock maintenance, and Cynthia Faulk for assisting with liquid and gas chromatography analyses. We thank Dr. Peter Thomas and Dr. Andrew Esbaugh for their critical reading and insightful comments on the manuscript. Contribution number 1725 of the University of Texas Marine Science Institute.
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This work was supported by the University of Texas at Austin College of Natural Sciences Catalyst Grant and Perry R. Bass Chair in Fisheries and Mariculture at the University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute.
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ZH and LAF participated in the study conception and design. ZH conducted the experiments and collected the samples. ZH and XL performed the analytical analysis of the samples. All authors contributed to the analysis and interpretation of the data. LAF and ST secured funding for the study. ZH wrote the first draft of the manuscript and all authors provided feedback on the manuscript.
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Hou, Z., Lu, X., Tiziani, S. et al. Nutritional programming by maternal diet alters offspring lipid metabolism in a marine teleost. Fish Physiol Biochem 48, 535–553 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01069-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01069-1