Abstract
Cable fire risk analysis is important for fire protection design in industrial as well as residential buildings. The vertical movement of the cable burning area along the vertical tray is one of the unique characteristics in vertical cable tray fire. Heat release rate (HRR) prediction is important for the fire hazard assessment. In this study, a model for estimating the HRR of the vertical cable tray fire in full scale was developed on the basis of a bench-scale cable burning test. For a given unit area of burning cable, a correlation was established between a cable fire on a vertical tray in full scale and a cable burning test in bench scale. Furthermore, the developed model takes into account the effects of the cable spacing, number of cable trays, and confined room on the cable fire behavior in full scale. Compared with the available experimental results in the literature, the local error of the predicted maximum HRR was less than 9.4%, which is significantly lower than previous model predictions in the literature. Evidently, the developed model can more accurately estimate the HRR of the vertical cable tray fire.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Huang XY, Nakamura YJ (2020) A review of fundamental combustion phenomena in wire fires. Fire Technol 56:315–360
Gong T, Xie QY, Huang XY (2018) Fire behaviors of flame-retardant cables part I: decomposition, swelling and spontaneous ignition. Fire Saf J 95:113–121
Magalie C, Anne-Sophie C, Rodolphe S et al (2018) Fire behaviour of electrical cables in cone calorimeter: Influence of cables structure and layout. Fire Saf J 99:12–21
Zeng D, Su PP, Madan R et al (2021) Evaluation of flammability and smoke corrosivity of data/power cables used in data centers. Fire Saf J 120:103094
Talbert JH (2015) Remembering the Browns Ferry fire, 40 years on. Nucl Eng Int 60:20–21
McGrattan K, Barehan S, Stroup D, et al. (2012) Cable Heat Release, Ignition, and Spread in Tray Installations during Fire(CHRISTIFIRE), Phase 1: horizontal tray. Report NUREG/CR-7010, Vol. 1, Nuclear Regulatory Research
McGrattan K, Bareham S, Stroup D, et al. (2013) Cable Heat Release, Ignition, and Spread in Tray Installations during Fire (CHRISTIFIRE): Phase 2: vertical shafts and corridors. Report NUREG/CR-7010, Vol. 2, Nuclear Regulatory Research
Riese O, Hosser D, Roewekamp M (2006) Evaluation of fire models for nuclear power plant applications, benchmark exercise No. 5: flame spread in cable tray fires. Report GRS-214
Grayson SJ, Van Hees P, Green AM, Breulet H, Vercellotti U (2001) Assessing the fire performance of electric cables. Fire Mater 25:49–60
Van Hees P, Thureson P (1996) Burning behavior of cables-Modelling of flame spread. BRANDFORSK Project 725–942, SP Report 1996:30, Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Borås, Sweden
Huang XJ, Zhu H, Peng L et al (2019) Thermal characteristics of vertically spreading cable fires in confined compartments. Fire Technol 55:1849–1875
Huang XJ, Ren ZY, Zhu H et al (2018) A modified zone model on vertical cable tray fire in a confined compartment in the nuclear power plant. J Fire Sci 36:472–493
Huang XJ, Wang YH, Ren ZY et al (2020) Experimental investigation on maximum ceiling jet temperature generated by a vertically spreading cable fire. Fire Saf J. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103125
Li L, Huang XJ, Bi K et al (2016) An enhanced fire hazard assessment model and validation experiments for vertical cable trays. Nucl Eng Des 301:32–38
Hirschler MM (1997) Analysis of and potential correlations between fire tests for electrical cables, and how to use this information for fire hazard assessment. Fire Technol 33:291–315
Lee BT (1985) Heat release rate characteristics of some combustible fuel sources in Nuclear Power Plants, NBSIR 85–3195. National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg
Babrauskas V (2016) Heat release rate, in: SFPE handbook of fire protection engineering, 5th edn. New York, Springer
Huang XJ, Zhu H, Peng L et al (2018) An improved model for estimating heat release rate in horizontal cable tray fires in open space. J Fire Sci 36:275–290
Meinier R, Sonnier R, Zavaleta P et al (2018) Fire behavior of halogen-free retardant electrical cables with the cone calorimeter. J Hazard Mater 342:306–316
James G (1993) Quintiere. A simulation model for fire growth on materials subject to a room-corner test. Fire Saf J 20:313–339
Frederick W (1991) Mowrer, Robert Brady Williamson Flame spread evaluation for thin interior finish materials. Fire Saf Sci 3:689–698
Wang W (2008) Study of influence factor on fire characteristics of Polyvinyl Chloride cable, Doctor Thesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. (In Chinese)
Kaczorek-Chrobak K, Fangrat J, Papi BK (2021) Calorimetric behaviour of electric cables. Energies 14:1007
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Project No. 2022A1515011962); and Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Program of China (Project No. 202002030124);
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Huang, X., Wang, J., Zhu, H. et al. A Global Model for Heat Release Rate Prediction of Cable Burning on Vertical Cable Tray in Different Fire Scenarios. Fire Technol 58, 3119–3138 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-022-01304-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-022-01304-4