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An Experimental Investigation on Assessment of Residual Mechanical Performance of Basalt Fiber Reinforced High Strength Concrete at Elevated Temperature

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Abstract

This research explores the effect of basalt fibers (BFs) added in high strength concrete (HSC) to tailor its mechanical and microstructural response on being exposed to fire. Thermo-mechanical behavior of reference and modified formulations was monitored in ambiance alongside the exposed elevated temperatures till 100°C, 200°C, 400°C, 600°C, and 800°C. The dose of BFs was maintained as 1% and 2% by weight of cement in modified HSC formulations. The specimens were subjected to the controlled heat ramp of 5°C/min, to attain the desired temperature elevation with a hold time of 150 min. The heated specimens were then cooled by air till ambiance to test for residual properties. The test results revealed significant improvement in thermo-mechanical properties of BFs reinforced HSC formulations after being exposed to fire. Micro-forensics evidenced the homogenized distribution of BFs alongside their crack arresting actions throughout the matrix, contributing to the added residual performance. The matrix morphology of BFs reinforced HSC was also monitored to endorse any physical or chemical change in the hydration product. Moreover, numerical equations based on statistical analysis were formulated that can predict the fire behavior of modified HSC samples with BFs.

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Abbreviations

ASTM:

American Society for Testing and Materials

BFs:

Basalt fibers

CH:

Calcium hydroxide

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

C–S–H:

Calcium silicate hydrate

FRC:

Fiber reinforced concrete

GF:

Glass fiber

HSC:

High strength concrete

LCDTs:

Linear variable displacement transducers

NS:

Nano-silica

NSC:

Normal strength concrete

OPC:

Ordinary Portland cement

PP:

Polypropylene fiber

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

SF:

Steel fiber

\(\beta\) T :

Material property relationship coefficient

fc′:

Compressive strength at 28 days

E:

Elastic modulus

TC :

Compressive toughness

TI:

Toughness indices

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Acknowledgements

The research presented in this paper was supported by the National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan and did not receive any grant from other funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions in this article are those of authors and do not reflect the views of sponsors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE), NUST Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

    Muhammad Talal Afzal & Rao Arsalan Khushnood

  2. Punjab Irrigation Department, Government of Punjab, Pakistan, Old Anarkali Road, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan

    Muhammad Talal Afzal

  3. Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, People’s Republic of China

    Wisal Ahmed

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  1. Muhammad Talal Afzal
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Correspondence to Rao Arsalan Khushnood.

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Afzal, M.T., Khushnood, R.A. & Ahmed, W. An Experimental Investigation on Assessment of Residual Mechanical Performance of Basalt Fiber Reinforced High Strength Concrete at Elevated Temperature. Fire Technol 58, 3067–3090 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-022-01279-2

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