Abstract
The dependence structure of a multivariate extreme value (MEV) distribution is characterized by its spectral measure. In this paper, we investigate the interconnections between the supermodular ordering of two d-dimensional MEV distributions and the convex ordering of their spectral measures. The main result reveals some insightful understanding of the dependence structures of MEV distributions. More precisely, let G and G ∗ be two MEV distributions on R d with the corresponding univariate margins equal, and let S and S ∗ be their respective spectral measures with respect to the ℓ 1-norm ∥⋅∥. Suppose that W and W ∗ are two random vectors taking values on \({\Theta }=\{\theta \in \Re _{+}^{d}: \|\theta \|=1\}\) according to the probability laws S/d and S ∗/d, respectively. If W is smaller than W ∗ in the convex order, then G ∗ is smaller than G in the supermodular order. Several applications of the main result are also presented.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bäuerle, N.: Inequalities for stochastic models via supermodular orderings. Communications in Statistics — Stochastic Models 13, 181–201 (1997)
Bäuerle, N., Müller, A.: Modeling and comparing dependencies in multivariate risk portfolios. ASTIN Bulletin 28, 59–76 (1998)
Beirlant, J., Goegebeur, Y., Segers, J., Teugels, J.: Statistics of Extremes: Theory and Applications. John Wiley, New York (2004)
Block, H.W., Griffths, W.S., Savits, T.H.: L-superadditive structure functions. Adv. Appl. Probab. 21, 919–929 (1989)
Christofides, T.C., Vaggelatou, E.: A connection between supermodular ordering and positive/negative association. J. Multivar. Anal. 88, 138–151 (2004)
Coles, S.G., Tawn, J.A.: Modelling extreme multivariate events. J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B 53, 377–392 (1991)
Esary, J.D., Proschan, F., Walkup, D.W.: Association of random variables, with applications. Ann. Math. Stat. 38, 1466–1474 (1967)
Fisher, R.A., Tippett, L.H.C.: Limiting forms of the frequency distribution of the largest or smallest member of a sample. Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 24, 180–190 (1928)
Galambos, J., 2nd ed.: The Asymptotic Theory of Extreme Order Statistics. Robert E. Krieger Publishing Go., Inc (2001)
Goovaerts, M. J., Dhaene, J.: Supermodular ordering and stochastic annuities. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 24, 281–290 (1999)
Hu, T., Pan, X.: Comparisons of dependence for stationary Markov processes. Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 14, 299–315 (2000)
Hu, T., Xie, C., Ruan, L.: Dependence structures of multivariate Bernoulli random vectors. J. Multivar. Anal. 94, 172–195 (2005)
Joe, H.: Multivariate concordance. J. Multivar. Anal. 35, 12–30 (1990)
Joe, H.: Multivariate Models and Dependence Concepts. Chapman & Hall, London (1997)
Lorentz, G.C.: An inequality for rearrangements. Am. Math. Mon. 60, 176–179 (1953)
Mainik, G.: On Asymptotic Diversification Effects for Heavy-Tailed Risks. PhD Thesis, University of Freiburg, Freiburg (2010)
Mainik, G., Rüschendorf, L.: Ordering of multivariate probability distributions with respect to extreme portfolio losses. Statistics and Risk Modelling 29, 73–105 (2012)
Marshall, A.W., Olkin, I.: Domains of attraction of multivariate extreme value distributions. Ann. Probab. 11, 168–177 (1983)
Marshall, A.W., Olkin, I., Arnold, B.C., 2nd ed.: Inequalities: Theory of Majorization and Its Applications. Springer, New York (2011)
Meester, L.E., Shanthikumar, J.G.: Regularity of stochastic processes. Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 7, 343–360 (1993)
Müller, A. In: Li, H., Li, X. (eds.) : Duality theory and transfer for stochastic order relations. In: Stochastic Orders in Reliability and Risk, Lecture Notes in Statistics, Vol. 208, pp 31–44. Springer (2013)
Müller, A., Scarsini, M.: Some remarks on the supermodular order. J. Multivar. Anal. 73, 107–119 (2000)
Müller, A., Stoyan, D.: Comparison Methods for Stochastic Models and Risks. John Wiley, West Sussex (2002)
Nelsen, R.B., 2nd ed.: An Introduction to Copulas. Springer, New York (2006)
Resnick, S.I.: Extreme Values, Regular Variation and Point Processes. Springer-Verlag, New York (1987)
Rüschendorf, L.: Mathematical Risk Analysis: Dependence, Risk Bounds, Optimal Allocations and Portfolios. Springer, New York (2013)
Shaked, M., Shanthikumar, J.G.: Supermodular stochastic orders and positive dependence of random vectors. J. Multivar. Anal. 61, 86–101 (1997)
Shaked, M., Shanthikumar, J.G.: Stochastic Orders. Springer, New York (2007)
Wei, G., Hu, T.: Supermodular dependence ordering on a class of multivariate copulas. Statistics and Probability Letters 57, 375–385 (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mao, T., Hu, T. Relations between the spectral measures and dependence of MEV distributions. Extremes 18, 65–84 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10687-014-0203-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10687-014-0203-z
Keywords
- Multivariate extreme value distribution
- Multivariate extreme value copula
- Spectral measure
- Simplex
- Convex order; supermodular order
- Convex transfer