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Identification of contrasting tropical popcorn inbreds for studying aluminum toxicity tolerance inheritance

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Abstract

Genetic improvement of crops is an essential approach to overcome the aluminum (Al) toxicity in acidic soils. The objectives of this study were to identify contrasting popcorn inbred lines with respect to Al tolerance and investigate its genetic control. Using a complete randomized block design, three sequential experiments were performed that assessed 18, 10, and 2 inbred lines growing in the presence and absence of Al. The inbreds were assessed for relative root growth (RRG), hematoxylin staining, Al content, and external root morphology. Then, the two most contrasting inbreds were crossed and jointly assessed with four derived generations in a fourth trial in a complete randomized block design. The plants were assessed for relative and net root length. The inbred 11–60 had the least RRG (0.02 and 0.06), the greatest accumulation of Al (1660.3 μg/g), and strong blue staining of the root tips with intense epidermal degradation. The inbred 11–133 had the most RRG (0.15–0.37) and the least hematoxylin staining, Al accumulation (926.4 μg/g), and root inhibition in the root tips, associated with no damages on root apices. Dominance effect contributed negatively with all Al-tolerance indexes, although in general, the average degree of dominance indicated partial dominance. The dominance × dominance effects contributed to increasing relative root length, whereas additive × additive effects increased net lateral root length. The individual narrow-sense heritabilities were high, ranging from 49.0 to 66.0%. Based in the results, recurrent selection based on progeny and hybrid breeding are recommended for developing Al-tolerant populations.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (Capes), the Foundation for Research Support of Minas Gerais State (Fapemig), and The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) for financial support.

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  1. Faisal Rahim, Vinícius Costa Almeida, José Marcelo Soriano Viana, Cleberson Ribeiro, Leonardo Alves Risso, Matheus Pereira Ribeiro have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agriculture, Muzaffarabad, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan

    Faisal Rahim

  2. General Biology Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil

    Vinícius Costa Almeida, José Marcelo Soriano Viana, Cleberson Ribeiro, Leonardo Alves Risso & Matheus Pereira Ribeiro

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  1. Faisal Rahim
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Correspondence to Vinícius Costa Almeida.

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Rahim, F., Almeida, V.C., Viana, J.M.S. et al. Identification of contrasting tropical popcorn inbreds for studying aluminum toxicity tolerance inheritance. Euphytica 215, 47 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-019-2372-y

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