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Comparison of methods for the estimation of best parent heterosis among lines developed from interspecific sunflower germplasm

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Abstract

Pre-breeding and elite breeding are two steps in creating high yielding sunflower hybrids that differ in well established procedures and selection methods. However, a methodology that bridge efficient use of introgression lines as product of pre-breeding procedures and their crossing to elite inbreed lines, is not yet very well established. Therefore, the development of cost- and time-efficient methods for the determination of best parent heterosis and the use of best inbred lines in crosses with introgression lines for obtaining high-yielding and stable hybrids is highly desirable. In this regard, sixteen Cytoplasmic Male Sterile (CMS) inbred lines (A) derived from four heterogeneous interspecific lines originating from three annual: H. debilis silvestris (DEB-SIL), H. praecox runyoni (PRA-RUN), H. deserticola (DES) and one perennial H. resinosus (RES) wild species were evaluated. Seven agronomic traits were measured over a period of 2 years and 38 DNA loci were analysed, in order to compare four different methods for the estimation of best parent heterosis (BPH). New inbred lines were characterized by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of morphological traits and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) of molecular marker data. Line × tester mating design was used to evaluate General Combining Ability (GCA), while Genetic Distance (GC) estimated by markers was evaluated as a predictor of BPH by Locally Weighted Sequential Smoothing (LOESS). Analysis of combining ability is one of the most important tools breeders use to identify superior inbred lines on the basis of their performance in hybrid combinations. Results obtained in this research show that PCA of morphological and PCoA of molecular marker data on parental lines are generally in agreement with GCA effects for examined traits. GD versus BPH relationships indicate that intermediate to high GD between parental lines was optimal for best heterotic effects of most traits. In this study, we show that the combination of the PCA of morphological data, PCoA of molecular marker data and GD between parental lines is fast and affordable, giving the most important information for parental choice of introgression and elite lines in sunflower breeding programs.

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Acknowledgements

This research was partly financed by the project 31025: Development of new varieties and production technology improvement of oil crops for different purposes, from the Ministry of Education and Science Republic of Serbia. The authors are grateful to Dr. Gerald Seiler (USDA-ARS, Fargo ND, USA) for providing interspecies populations and to Prof. Dragan Škorić (Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Novi Sad Branch), and Dr. Dejan Dodig (Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Serbia) for fruitful discussions during preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oil Crops Department, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia

    Nada Hladni, Miroslav Zorić & Sreten Terzić

  2. Institute of Food Technologies, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia

    Nataša Ćurčić

  3. Department for Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska cesta 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia

    Zlatko Satovic

  4. Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv), Svetosimunska cesta 25, 10009, Zagreb, Croatia

    Zlatko Satovic

  5. Julius Kuehn-Institute (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Erwin-Baur-Strasse 27, 06484, Quedlinburg, Germany

    Dragan Perović

  6. Faculty of Ecological Agriculture, EDUCONS University, Vojvode Putnika 87, Sremska Kamenica, 21208, Serbia

    Dragan Perović & Dejana Panković

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  1. Nada Hladni
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Hladni, N., Zorić, M., Terzić, S. et al. Comparison of methods for the estimation of best parent heterosis among lines developed from interspecific sunflower germplasm. Euphytica 214, 108 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2197-0

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