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A practical method for apple cultivar identification and parent-offspring analysis using simple sequence repeat markers

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Abstract

Differentiation of cultivars with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers is a very useful technique for the true-to-type characterization of cultivars and clarification of parent-offspring relationships. We developed an SSR marker set for cultivar identification comprising 15 markers that were screened from 46 previously published SSRs. This marker set could be used for apple varieties including Malus × domestica and/or other Malus species. These SSRs successfully characterized 95 apples, including the leading and major founding cultivars used worldwide for modern apple breeding. Therefore, this marker set could be applied to almost all apple cultivars. We also analyzed the parent-offspring relationships of 69 cultivars by considering allele transmissions. This analysis revealed the true parentage of the following seven cultivars: ‘Kizashi’, ‘Chinatsu’, ‘Honey Queen’, ‘Haruka’, ‘Seirin’, ‘Ozenokurenai’, and Morioka #48. This analysis also revealed a parentage discrepancy for ‘Hacnine’. From the parent-offspring analysis, two microsatellite mutation events at alleles inherited from pollen parents were observed.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Dr. H. Fujii and Mr. M. Horigome for providing computer software and leaves of ‘Ozenokurenai’ original tree. This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid (Development of Evaluation and Management Methods for the Supply of Safe, Reliable and Functional Food and Farm Produce) from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Apple Breeding and Physiology Research Team, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Shimokuriyagawa, Morioka, Iwate, 020-0123, Japan

    Shigeki Moriya, Hiroshi Iwanami, Kazuma Okada & Kazuyuki Abe

  2. Fruit Genome Research Team, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8605, Japan

    Toshiya Yamamoto

Authors
  1. Shigeki Moriya
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  2. Hiroshi Iwanami
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  3. Kazuma Okada
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  4. Toshiya Yamamoto
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  5. Kazuyuki Abe
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Correspondence to Shigeki Moriya.

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Moriya, S., Iwanami, H., Okada, K. et al. A practical method for apple cultivar identification and parent-offspring analysis using simple sequence repeat markers. Euphytica 177, 135–150 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-010-0295-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-010-0295-8

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