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On a Holistic Modeling Approach for Managing Carbon Emission Ecosystems

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Abstract

Effective use of historical volumes of heterogeneous and multidimensional data is a major challenge, especially projects associated with potential applications of carbon emission ecosystems. Data science in these applications becomes tedious when such varied data are accumulated and or distributed in multiple domains. Design, development, and implementation of sustainable geological storages are crucial for managing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and its modeling process. The purpose of the research is to address major challenges and how best a robust “ontology-based multidimensional data warehousing and mining” approach can resolve issues associated with carbon ecosystems. The conceptualized relationships deduced among multiple domains, integration of domain ontologies, data mining, visualization, and interpretation artefacts are highlights of the study. Several data, plot, and map views are extracted from metadata storage for interpreting new knowledge on carbon emissions. Statistical mining models describe data attributes’ correlations, patterns, and trends that can help in predicting future forecast of CO2 emissions worldwide.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Systems, Curtin Business School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia

    Shastri L. Nimmagadda, Heinz V. Dreher & Amit Rudra

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  1. Shastri L. Nimmagadda
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  2. Heinz V. Dreher
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  3. Amit Rudra
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Correspondence to Shastri L. Nimmagadda.

Appendix

Appendix

Carbon Intensity

This is the amount of carbon by weight emitted per unit of energy consumed. A common measure of carbon intensity is weight of carbon per British thermal unit (Btu) of energy. When there is only one fossil fuel under consideration, the carbon intensity and the emissions coefficient are identical. When there are several fuels, carbon intensity is based on their combined emissions coefficients weighted by their energy consumption levels. A unique value for scaling emissions to activity data in terms of a standard rate of emissions per unit of activity (e.g., pounds of carbon dioxide emitted per Btu of fossil fuel consumed).

CO2

It is a colorless, odorless, non-poisonous gas that is a normal part of Earth’s atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a product of fossil fuel combustion as well as other processes. It is considered a greenhouse gas as it traps heat (infrared energy) radiated by the Earth into the atmosphere and thereby contributes to the potential for global warming. The global warming potential (GWP) of other greenhouse gases is measured in relation to that of carbon dioxide, which by international scientific convention is assigned a value of 1. CO 2 dimension descriptions are translated into ontological structures and linked with other associated multidimensional attributes such as carbon and energy intensity attributes and their equivalents.

Carbon Dioxide Equivalent

The amount of carbon dioxide by weight emitted into the atmosphere that would produce the same estimated radiate forcing as a given weight of another radioactively active gas. Carbon dioxide equivalents are computed by multiplying the weight of the gas being measured (for example, methane) by its estimated global warming potential (which is 21 for methane). “Carbon equivalent units” are defined as carbon dioxide equivalents multiplied by the carbon content of carbon dioxide (i.e., 12/44).

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Nimmagadda, S.L., Dreher, H.V. & Rudra, A. On a Holistic Modeling Approach for Managing Carbon Emission Ecosystems. Environ Model Assess 21, 763–801 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-016-9504-8

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