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Assessment of soil fertility and nutrient management strategies in calcareous soils of Khuzestan province: a case study using the Nutrient Index Value method

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Abstract

Soil fertility (SF) is a crucial factor that directly impacts the performance and quality of crop production. To investigate the SF status in agricultural lands of winter wheat in Khuzestan province, 811 samples were collected from the soil surface (0–25 cm). Eleven soil properties, i.e., electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE), available phosphorus (Pav), exchangeable potassium (Kex), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and soil pH, were measured in the samples. The Nutrient Index Value (NIV) was calculated based on wheat nutritional requirements. The results indicated that 100%, 93%, and 74% of the study areas for CCE, pH, and EC fell into the low, moderate, and moderate to high NIV classes, respectively. Also, 25% of the area is classified as low fertility (NIV < 1.67), 75% falls under medium fertility (1.67 < NIV value < 2.33), and none in high fertility (NIV value > 2.33). Assessment of the mean wheat yield (AWY) and its comparison with NIV showed that the highest yield was in the Ramhormoz region (5200 kg.ha−1), while the lowest yield was in the Hendijan region (3000 kg.ha−1) with the lowest EC rate in the study area. Elevated levels of salinity and CCE in soils had the most negative impact on irrigated WY, while Pav, TN, and Mn availability showed significant effects on crop production. Therefore, implementing SF management practices is essential for both quantitative and qualitative improvement in irrigated wheat production in Khuzestan province.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are very thankful to the Khuzestan Province Agricultural Jihad Organization for providing the data.

Funding

This study is supported by Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran, under Grant No. SCU.EG1401.827 for the year 2023.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

    Zeinab Zaheri Abdehvand, Danya Karimi & Kazem Rangzan

  2. Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

    Seyed Roohollah Mousavi

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  1. Zeinab Zaheri Abdehvand
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  2. Danya Karimi
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Contributions

Zeinab Zaheri conducted the investigation, methodology, and analysis; Danya Karimi contributed to conceptualization, methodology, and writing – review and editing; Kazem Rangzan was involved in conceptualization, visualization, and editing; Seyed Roohollah Mousavi participated in conceptualization, methodology, and editing.

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Correspondence to Danya Karimi.

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Zaheri Abdehvand, Z., Karimi, D., Rangzan, K. et al. Assessment of soil fertility and nutrient management strategies in calcareous soils of Khuzestan province: a case study using the Nutrient Index Value method. Environ Monit Assess 196, 503 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12665-4

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