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The technique of arsenic elimination from contaminated soil with enhanced conditions by electro-kinetic remediation

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Abstract

Remediation of arsenic-contaminated soil by the technique of electro-kinetic using various enhanced conditions is the thrust of this study. Many tests were performed with different operating conditions, such as the electrodes solution (tap water) with a variable pH at (2, 5, and 8). Cyclodextrin (10% hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, or HPCD) has been used as an activating agent that helps enhance this process of soil arsenic clean-up. Agricultural wastes (pomegranate peels) were used after treating them as an adsorbent to impede the return of pollutants to the soil as a result of reverse osmosis. The results obtained after the remediation’s completion indicated that the best elimination capacity was 72% at a pH of 2. This indicates that the elimination capacity increases with the decreasing pH of the electrodes solution. Mixing the HPCD solution with soil as an enhanced solution increased the solubility and desorption of arsenic from the soil. Then, arsenic-containing HPCD micelles readily moved to the cathode electrode by electro-osmotic flow, and the elimination capacity increased (84%). It was concluded that pomegranate peels are a good adsorbent for arsenic returning to the soil during the treatment process as a result of reverse osmosis. Hence, the application of this material in this research gave a perfect impression of its use as an inexpensive, environmentally friendly adsorbent and an alternative to commercial absorbents.

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Acknowledgements

As authors, we would like to extend our thanks and gratitude to the staff in laboratories of the environmental engineering at Al-Mustansiriyah University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environment Engineering Department, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq

    Laith Hamdan Hawal

  2. Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

    Ali Omran Al-Sulttani

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  1. Laith Hamdan Hawal
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Contributions

Researcher Laith Hamdan Hawal contributed the following: (a) research concept and design, (b) collection and/or assembly of data, (c) writing the article, (d) critical revision of the article, (e) final approval of the article. Researcher Ali Omran Al-Sulttani contributed the following: (a) collection and/or assembly of data, (b) data analysis and interpretation, (c) writing the article, (d) final approval of the article.

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Correspondence to Laith Hamdan Hawal.

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Hawal, L.H., Al-Sulttani, A.O. The technique of arsenic elimination from contaminated soil with enhanced conditions by electro-kinetic remediation. Environ Monit Assess 195, 1319 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11979-z

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