Abstract
The sediment formed during erosion processes is acknowledged as one of the important contributors to environmental damage. In forest areas, sediment production occurs as a result of meteorological factors and wood harvesting, as well as forest road construction activities carried out for the continuity of forests. In this context, the aim of the study is to reveal the sediment risk in forest areas at the provincial level in Turkey by using entropy-based weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) and fuzzy clustering methods. The results establish that the weights of the factors affecting the sediment risk are the forest road construction rate (0.3721), the wood harvesting rate (0.3463), the average precipitation (0.2227), and the average temperature (0.0587). Seven provinces were found in the highest risk class of the cluster in terms of sediment risk. Two of those (Yalova and Kocaeli) are located in the Marmara Region, while the others (Bartın, Düzce, Giresun, Ordu, and Zonguldak) are located in the Black Sea Region. Four of the provinces in the lowest risk class of the cluster (Bingöl, Bitlis, Erzincan, and Malatya) are located in the Eastern Anatolia Region, while a fifth (Siirt) is located in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. As is seen in the study, multi-criteria decision-making methods make it possible to evaluate different scenarios for sedimentation estimation and control and to select the most effective solutions. In conclusion, the use of WASPAS, entropy, and fuzzy clustering methods can provide a comprehensive and effective approach for assessing the sediment risk.
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This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with grant number 122O830.
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Anil Orhan Akay: Investigation, Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing - Original Draft, Writing - reviewing & editing Esra Senturk: Investigation, Methodology, Software, Writing - reviewing & editing Mustafa Akgul: Investigation, Supervision, Writing - reviewing & editing Murat Demir: Investigation, Supervision, Writing - reviewing & editing. All authors reviewed the manuscript.
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Akay, A.O., Senturk, E., Akgul, M. et al. Spatial assessment of sediment risk with integrated entropy-based WASPAS and fuzzy clustering methods in Turkey: impact of forestry activities and meteorological factors. Environ Monit Assess 195, 1201 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11762-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11762-0