Abstract
Ecological environment is the essential material basis of human survival and connects regional economy with socially sustainable development. However, climate changes characterized by global climate warming have caused a series of ecological environmental problems in recent years. Few studies have discussed various climate factors affecting the ecological environment, and the spatial non-stationary effects of different climate factors on the ecological environment are still unclear. Dynamically monitoring ecological environment changes in fragile areas and identifying its climate-driving mechanism are essential for ecological protection and environmental repair. Taking Zoige Plateau as a case, this paper simulated the eco-environmental quality during 1987–2020 using remote sensing data, utilized Geodetector method to identify the contributions of various climate drivers to ecological environment quality, and then adopted the Geographically Weighted Regression model to explore the spatial non-stationary impacts of climate factors on ecological environment quality. The results showed that the ecological quality in the middle regions of the Zoige Plateau was slightly better than in the surrounding marginal areas. For the whole area of Zoige Plateau, the average ecological environment quality index was 54.92, 53.99, 56.17, 57.88, 63.44, 56.93, 59.43, and 59.76 in 1987, 1992, 1997, 2001, 2006, 2013, 2016 and 2020, respectively, which indicated that eco-environmental quality witnessed several fluctuations during the study period but showed a generally increasing trend. Among five climate factors, the temperature was the dominant climate factor affecting the ecological environment quality (q value: 0.11–0.19), sunshine duration (0.03–0.17), wind speed (0.03–0.11), and precipitation (0.03–0.08) were the main climate drivers, while the explanatory power of relative humidity to ecological environment quality was relatively small. Such various climate factors impacting the ecological environment quality demonstrated distinct spatial non-stationary and the range of driving impact varied with time. Temperature, sunshine duration, wind speed, and relative humidity promoted ecological environment quality in most regions (regression coefficients > 0), while precipitation mainly had a negative inhibitory impact (regression coefficients < 0). Meanwhile, the greater impacts of these five climate factors were concentrated in high-elevation regions of the south and west or the northern areas. The appropriate enhancement of climate warming and air humidity was beneficial to the improvement of the ecological environment, but the excessive precipitation would result in landslides and exhibit inhibition of vegetation growth. Therefore, selecting cold-tolerant herbs and shrubs, and strengthening climate monitoring and early warning systems (such as drought and excessive precipitation) are essential for ecological restoration.
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Data availability
The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Change history
05 December 2023
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-12169-7
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This research was funded by the Key R&D Project of the Sichuan Science and Technology Department (grant numbers 22NSFSC3081) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41701428).
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Jiyan Wang: conceptualization, investigation, methodology, software, writing-original draft, and writing-review & editing. Guo Chen: conceptualization, formal analysis, methodology, software, writing-original draft, and writing- review & editing. Yirong Yuan: data curation, investigation, software, and writing- review & editing. Yi Fei: methodology, software, and writing-original draft. Junnan Xiong: conceptualization, methodology, supervision, validation, writing-original draft, and writing-review & editing. Jiawei Yang: data curation, methodology, and software. Yanmei Yang: data curation and resources. Hao Li: data curation and writing- review & editing.
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Wang, J., Chen, G., Yuan, Y. et al. Spatiotemporal changes of ecological environment quality and climate drivers in Zoige Plateau. Environ Monit Assess 195, 912 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11506-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11506-0