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Impacts of soil and water conservation measures on soil physicochemical properties in the Jibgedel Watershed, Ethiopia

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Abstract

Soil erosion significantly affects agricultural production. Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) measures have been constructed to reduce soil loss. However, the impact of SWC measures on physicochemical soil properties has rarely been investigated in most parts of Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of SWC measures on selected soil physicochemical properties in the Jibgedel watershed, West Gojjam zone, Ethiopia. The study also assessed the farmers' perception of the benefits and impacts of SWC measures. Composite and core soil samples were taken at a depth of 0 to 20 cm from four farmlands with SWC measures (soil bund, stone bund, and soil bund with sesbania tree) and without SWC measures in three replications. Results have shown that employing SWC measures in the farmland significantly improved most of the physicochemical properties of the soil compared to farmland without SWC measures. Bulk density from soil bund with and without sesbania trees was significantly lower than stone bund and untreated farmland. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, electrical conductivity, and available phosphorus from soil bund with sesbania tree were significantly higher than other treatments. The result also revealed that most farmers perceived that the implemented SWC measures improved soil fertility and crop yield. SWC measures are easier to adopt for integrated watershed management when farmers are well-versed in them.

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Fig. 1
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(Source: Ethiopian National Meteorological Agency, 2021)

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the local community who cooperated with the survey and provided information for this study. We sincerely thank the University of Gondar for providing us with the financial support for conducting this research.

Funding

Partial financial support was received from University of Gondar.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Natural Resources Management, University of Gondar, P. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia

    Sinehiwot Leykun, Achenafi Teklay, Kassaye Gurebiyaw & Masresha Ashenafi

  2. Spatial Science Laboratory, Ecosystem Science and Management Department, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, 77801, USA

    Yihun T. Dile

  3. Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Tropical Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA

    Haimanote K. Bayabil

Authors
  1. Sinehiwot Leykun
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  2. Achenafi Teklay
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  3. Kassaye Gurebiyaw
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  4. Yihun T. Dile
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  5. Haimanote K. Bayabil
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  6. Masresha Ashenafi
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Contributions

Sinehiwot Leykun: conceptualization, designed the research, data collection, writing—original draft. Achenafi Teklay and Kassaye Gurebiyaw: conceptualization, methodology, writing-original draft, prepared all figures, project supervision. Yihun Dile, Haimanote Bayabil and Masresha Ashenafi: reviewed the manuscript and editing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Achenafi Teklay.

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Leykun, S., Teklay, A., Gurebiyaw, K. et al. Impacts of soil and water conservation measures on soil physicochemical properties in the Jibgedel Watershed, Ethiopia. Environ Monit Assess 195, 447 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11059-2

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