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Magnetic monitoring of topsoil and street dust in Xinyang (China) and their environmental implications

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Abstract

The magnetic measurement is an effective tool to identify the source of pollutants and diagnose the urban pollution. In this study, 132 group samples (that topsoil and street dust were sampled at the same location is regarded as a group) were collected from Xinyang, central eastern China. In addition, the background samples (19 topsoils under woodland around the outskirts) were also sampled. Herein, the aim was to investigate and compare the magnetic characteristics of both topsoil and street dust, and further to discuss the source and environmental implications using magnetic and diffuse reflection spectrum methods. The following points are highlighted: (1) the primary magnetic carrier of both materials was magnetite and that of the background sample were magnetite and maghemite. Furthermore, the ferrimagnetic mineral concentration and magnetic domain follow the order: street dust > topsoil > background sample. (2) The source of both materials was mainly from anthropogenic activities (e.g. industrial and traffic vehicles). The difference between them was the contribution related to natural sources (e.g. parent materials), which was negligible in street dust, and played a secondary role in topsoil. (3) Both materials showed that areas with a higher intensity of anthropogenic activities had higher pollution level, whereas areas with a lower anthropogenic intensity had lower pollution level.

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Availability of data and materials

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Chunlei Wang, Ronglei Zhang, and Zhenjin Li for the magnetic measurements.

Funding

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41877435 and 41602187), Funds for Key Young Teachers of XYNU (2018GGJS-04), and the Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection (STKF-201928), the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, CAS (No. SKLLQG2039).

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  1. Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology, College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China

    Yan Han, Xiuming Liu & Bin Lü

  2. Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution (Henan Province), School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China

    Yan Han & Guoyong Zhao

  3. College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China

    Qu Chen

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Han, Y., Liu, X., Zhao, G. et al. Magnetic monitoring of topsoil and street dust in Xinyang (China) and their environmental implications. Environ Monit Assess 193, 602 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09407-1

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