Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Impacts of precipitation, land use change and urban wastewater on groundwater level fluctuation in the Yogyakarta-Sleman Groundwater Basin, Indonesia

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Population growth and an increase in communities’ economies have led to a worldwide rise in water demand. The development of urban areas will cause excessive groundwater extraction, which will trigger environmental impacts, including a decline in groundwater levels. Changes in rainfall, land use, and the volume of urban wastewater recharge patterns will affect groundwater level fluctuations over a period of time. This study investigates the effects of rainfall, changes in irrigated agricultural land, and urban wastewater volume trends on groundwater level fluctuations in the Yogyakarta-Sleman groundwater basin, Indonesia, from 2011 to 2017. Analysis of the trend of each parameter was performed using the Mann-Kendall test. The results showed that the recharge area had a trend of deeper groundwater levels positively correlated with the decrease of irrigated agricultural land. In contrast, precipitation trends and urban wastewater volume were negatively associated with the groundwater level fluctuation trend. In the transit area, shallow groundwater levels were positively correlated with precipitation and urban wastewater volume. In contrast, there was an opposite trend in the area of irrigated agricultural land. In the discharge area, groundwater levels became deeper, which positively correlates with precipitation and irrigated agricultural land, while the urban wastewater trend was the opposite. Increasing of groundwater level in the transit area was 0.21–0.25 m/year, where recharge and discharge areas had a decreasing 0.10–0.26 m/year. Import water from municipal water networks and urban wastewater recharge significantly contributed to rising groundwater levels in the transit area. It occurs because urban wastewater in the transit is evenly distributed, but in recharge and discharge areas, groundwater recharge from urban wastewater is localized. The urbanization process did not always negatively impact groundwater resources and contribute to groundwater recharge, depending on managing the urban sewage.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Albhaisi, M., Brendonck, L., & Batelaan, O. (2013). Predicted impacts of land use change on groundwater recharge of the upper berg catchment, South Africa. Water SA, 39(2), 211–220.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnold Jr., C. L., & Gibbons, C. J. (1996). Impervious surface coverage: The emergence of a key environmental indicator. Journal of the American Planning Association, 62(2), 243–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asano, T. (2006). Special feature on groundwater management and policy: Water reuse via groundwater recharge. International Review for Environmental Strategies, 6(2), 205–216.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asano, T., & Cotruvo, J. A. (2004). Groundwater recharge with reclaimed municipal wastewater: Health and regulatory considerations. Water Research, 38, 1941–1951.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barianto, D. H., Aboud, E., & Setijadji, L. D. (2009). Structural analysis using Landsat TM, gravity data, and paleontological data from tertiary rocks in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 69(2), 65–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barron, O. V., Donn, M. J., & Barr, A. D. (2013). Urbanization and shallow groundwater: Predicting changes in catchment hydrological responses. Water Resources Management, 27(1), 95–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhaskar, A. S., Beesley, L., Burns, M. J., Fletcher, T. D., Hamel, P., Oldham, C. E., & Roy, A. H. (2016). Will it rise or will it fall? Managing the complex effects of urbanization on base flow. Freshw. Sci., 35(1), 293–310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • BMKG. (2018). Annual report on rainfall in Yogyakarta Province. Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics: Yogyakarta, Indonesia. (in Indonesia language).

  • Bouwer, H. (1991). Groundwater recharge with sewage effluent. Water Science & Technology, 23, 2099–2108.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BPS-Statistics of Bantul Regency. (2018a). Bantul in Figure 2017. BPS-Statistics of Bantul: Regency.

    Google Scholar 

  • BPS-Statistics of Sleman Regency. (2018b). Sleman in Figure 2017. BPS-Statistics of Sleman: Regency.

    Google Scholar 

  • BPS-Statistics of Yogyakarta City. (2018c). Yogyakarta City in figure 2017. BPS-Statistics of Yogyakarta: City.

    Google Scholar 

  • BPS-Statistics of Yogyakarta Special Province. (2018d). Yogyakarta Province in figure 2017. BPS-Statistics of Yogyakarta: City.

    Google Scholar 

  • BDSN ( National Standardization Council) of Indonesia. (2017). SNI 8455:2017: Household wastewater treatment planning with an insulated anaerobic reactor system. 18p. (in Indonesia language).

  • Chandler, R. E., & Scott, E. M. (2011). Statistical methods for trend detection and analysis in the environmental sciences (368 p). UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd..

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Changming, L., Jingjie, Y., & Kendy, E. (2001). Groundwater exploitation and its impact on the environment in the North China plain. Water International, 26(2), 265–271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cronin, A. A., Odagiri, M., Arsyad, B., Nuryetty, M. T., Amannullah, G., Santoso, H., Darundiyah, K., & Nasution, N. A. (2017). Piloting water quality testing coupled with a national socioeconomic survey in Yogyakarta province, Indonesia, towards tracking of sustainable development goal 6. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 220(7, 1141–1151.

  • Donald, M., & Partners. (1984). Greater Yogyakarta groundwater resources study, volume 3: Groundwater. In Directorate general of water resources development project (P2AT). Ministry of Public Works: Government of the Republic of Indonesia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Endo, N., Matsumoto, J., & Lwin, T. (2009). Trends in precipitation extremes over Southeast Asia. SOLA, 5, 168–171. https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2009‒043.

  • Fathmawati, F., Fachiroh, J., Sutomo, A. H., & Putra, D. P. E. (2018). Origin and distribution of nitrate in water well of settlement areas in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 190(628), 628. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6958-y.

  • Gunady, M., Shishkina, N., Tan, H., & Rodriguez, C. (2015). A review of on-site wastewater treatment systems in Western Australia from 1997 to 2011. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2015, 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, R. O. (1987). Statistical methods for environmental pollution monitoring (320p). New York, USA: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company In.

    Google Scholar 

  • Habibi, A. F., & Nuranto, S. (2017). Overview of the maintenance of drinking water pipe of PDAM Tirtamarta Yogyakarta City to reduce water leakage. Master Thesis: Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia (in Indonesia language).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamed, K. H. (2008). Trend detection in hydrologic data: The Mann-Kendall trend test under the scaling hypothesis. Journal of Hydrology, 349(3–4), 350–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, A., Gleeson, T., Wada, Y., & Wagener, T. (2017). Enhanced groundwater recharge rates and altered recharge sensitivity to climate variability through subsurface heterogeneity. PNAS, 114(11), 2842–2847.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu, K. C., Yeh, H. F., Chen, Y. C., Lee, C. H., Wang, C. H., & Chiu, F. S. (2012). Basin-scale groundwater response to precipitation variation and anthropogenic pumping in Chih-ben watershed, Taiwan. Hydrogeology Journal, 20, 499–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hurwitz, S. and Johnston, M.J.S. (2003). Groundwater level changes in a deep well in response to a magma intrusion event on Kilauea Volcano, Hawai’i. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(2), 10–1 – 10-4.

  • Jinno, K., Tsutsumi, A., Alkaeed, O., Saita, S., & Berndtsson, R. (2009). Effects of land-use change on groundwater recharge model parameters. Hydrological Sciences–Journal–des Sciences Hydrologiques, 54(2), 300–315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koizumi, N., Sato, T., Kitagawa, Y., Ochi, T. (2016). Groundwater pressure changes and crustal deformation before and after the earthquake 2007 and 2014 eruptions of Mt. Ontake. Planets and Space, 2016(68:48): 6 p.

  • Manca, F., Capelli, G., La Vigna, F., Mazza, R., & Pascarella, A. (2014). Wind-induced salt-wedge intrusion in the Tiber river mouth (Rome–Central Italy). Environmental Earth Sciences, 72, 1083-1095.

  • Minnig, M., Moeck, C., Radny, D., & Schirmer, M. (2018). Impact of urbanization on groundwater recharge rates in Dubendorf, Switzerland. Journal of Hydrology, 563, 1135–1146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mireille, N. M., Mwangi, H. M., Mwangi, J. K., & Gathenya, J. M. (2019). Analysis of land use change and its impact on the hydrology of Kakia and Esamburmbur sub-watersheds of Narok County, Kenya. Hydrology, 6(86), 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prasad, Y.S. and Rao, B.V. (2018). Groundwater recharge estimation studies in a khondalitic terrain on India. Applied Water Science, 8(102), 1–9.

  • Putra, D. P. E., & Baier, K. (2009). Der Einfluss ungesteuerter Urbanisierung auf die Grundwasserressourcen am Beispiel der indonesischen Millionenstadt Yogyakarta, Cybergeo : European Journal of Geography [En ligne]. Environnement, Nature, Paysage, document, 469.

  • Putra, D. P. E. (2010). Estimation, reality and trend of groundwater nitrate concentration under unsewered area of Yogyakarta City-Indonesia. Journal of Southeast Asian Applied Geology, 2(1), 20–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahardjo, W., Sukandarrumidi, R., & H.M.D. (2012). Geological map of Yogyakarta sheet. Geological Survey Center, Geological Agency: Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rawlings, J. O., Pantula, S. G., & Dickey, D. A. (1998). Applied regression analysis: A research tool (2nd ed.658 p). Inc: Springer-Verlag New York.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Rose, S., & Peters, N. E. (2001). Effects of urbanization on streamflow in the Atlanta area (Georgia, USA): A comparative hydrological approach. Hydrological Processes, 15(8), 1441–1457.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rukundo, E., & Dogan, A. (2019). Dominant influencing factors of groundwater recharge spatial patterns in Ergene river catchment, Turkey. Water, 11(653), 1–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scanlon, B.R., Reedy, R.C, Stonestrom, D.A, Prudic, D.E., Dennehy, K.F. (2005). Impact of land use and land cover change on groundwater recharge and quality in the southwestern US. Global Change Biology, 11, 1577–1593.

  • Shiklomanov, I. A. (1993). World freshwater resources. In P. H. Gleick (Ed.), Water in crisis: A guide to the World's fresh water resources (473 p). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, G.D., Wetselaar, R., Fox, J.J, Graaff, R.H.M, Moeljohardjo, D., Sarwono, J., Wiranto, Asj'ari, S.R., Tjojudo, S., Basuki. (1999). The origin and distribution of nitrate in groundwater from village wells in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Hydrogeology Journal, 7, 576–589.

  • Standley, L. J., Rudel, R. A., Swartz, C. H., Attfield, K. R., Christian, J., Erickson, M., & Brody, J. G. (2008). Wastewater-contaminated groundwater as a source of endogenous hormones and pharmaceuticals to surface water ecosystems. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 27(12), 2457–2468.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wdowikowski, M., Kazmierczak, B., & Ledvinka, O. (2016). Maximum daily rainfall analysis at selected meteorological stations in the upper Lusatian Neisse River basin. Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management, 4(1), 53–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Winter, T. C., Harvey, J. W., Franke, O. L., & Alley, W. M. (1998). Groundwater and surface water a single resource. U.S. Geological Survey circular 1139. Colorado, 79 p.

  • WWAP (United Nations World Water Assessment Programme)/UN-Water. (2018). The United Nations world water development report 2018: Nature-based solutions for water (139 p). Paris: UNESCO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yira, Y., & Bossa, A. Y. (2019). Agricultural expansion-induced infiltration rate change in a west African tropical catchment. Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 2019, 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yulianto, F., Sofan, P., Khomarudin, M. R., & Haidar, M. (2013). Extracting the damaging effects of the 2010 eruption of Merapi volcano in Central Java, Indonesia. Natural Hazards, 66, 229–247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, H., Shi, Z., Wang, G., Sun, X., Yan, R., & Liu, C. (2019). Large earthquake reshapes the groundwater flow system: Insight from the water-level response to earth tides and atmospheric pressure in a deep well. Water Resources Research, 55, 4207–4219.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Department of Public Works, Housing and Energy, and Mineral Resources of Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia, to provide groundwater level data. We also thank the Department of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, for supporting the research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

    Wahyu Wilopo, Doni Prakasa Eka Putra & Heru Hendrayana

  2. Center for Disaster Mitigation and Technological Innovation (GAMA-InaTEK), Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

    Wahyu Wilopo & Doni Prakasa Eka Putra

Authors
  1. Wahyu Wilopo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Doni Prakasa Eka Putra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Heru Hendrayana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wahyu Wilopo.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wilopo, W., Putra, D.P.E. & Hendrayana, H. Impacts of precipitation, land use change and urban wastewater on groundwater level fluctuation in the Yogyakarta-Sleman Groundwater Basin, Indonesia. Environ Monit Assess 193, 76 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-08863-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-08863-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation