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Assessment of groundwater pollution near Aba-Eku municipal solid waste dumpsite

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Abstract

Municipal solid waste (MSW) dumpsite constitutes a major anthropogenic point source of leachate contamination to the ambient groundwater and poses a significant threat to the geo-ecosystem. This study investigated the pollution of groundwater by leachate emanating from Aba-Eku MSW dumpsite in Ibadan, Nigeria, using bacteriological, hydrochemical, and geophysical techniques. There is a diversity of bacteria in the leachate and the dominant phyla being proteobacteria (83%) and firmicutes (17%). The mean concentrations (mg/L) of Mn, Fe, Al, Cu, Mo, and Cr in the leachate samples were above the World Health Organization wastewater discharge limits. The hydrochemical parameters of the groundwater samples around the dumpsite were generally within the permissible limits, except for K and Cl−; which invariably indicate major inputs from water-rock interaction and minor contributions from the dumpsite. Three geoelectrical layers were indicated from the vertical electrical sounding data, which are the topsoil, the lateritic clay layer, and the weathered basement. Low resistivity values of 5–33 Ωm and 3–24 Ωm were obtained within 2 m and 5.5 m depths for the topsoil and the lateritic layer, respectively; while the 2-D subsurface model reveals leachate plume beyond 5 m. Although the MSW leachate is heterogeneous, the hydrochemical data show that the aquifer around the dumpsite has not been seriously polluted with the leachate, but there is a continuous percolation of leachate into the soil subsurface, based on the geophysical findings. Discontinuing waste dumping and groundwater extraction, which would over time reduce the leachate plume, are measures to enhance the groundwater quality in the area.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are sincerely grateful to the Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany for analysing the elemental components of the leachate samples. The efforts of Messrs. Andrew Akingbesote and Oladiran Aromolaran during geophysical surveys are gratefully acknowledged. Drs M. A. Fakunle, A. O. Ojo, and A. C. Oyelami are deeply appreciated for their stimulating discussions that helped to improve this manuscript. We are grateful to the editor for his valuable editorial comments and the reviewers for their highly insightful comments and suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria

    Olukemi Aromolaran

  2. Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

    Obasola E. Fagade

  3. Department of Geological Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria

    Olawale K. Aromolaran

  4. Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, Ondo State, Nigeria

    Emmanuel T. Faleye

  5. Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    Harald Faerber

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  1. Olukemi Aromolaran
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Aromolaran, O., Fagade, O.E., Aromolaran, O.K. et al. Assessment of groundwater pollution near Aba-Eku municipal solid waste dumpsite. Environ Monit Assess 191, 718 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7886-1

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