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Gymnosporangium species occurring on Juniperus and Pyrus in Latvia and evidence for Gymnosporangium clavariiforme infecting European pear (Pyrus communis)

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Abstract

The European pear (Pyrus communis) is an economically significant fruit crop. Sustainable pear cultivation is negatively affected by European pear rust caused by Gymnosporangium sabinae. The current knowledge on the variability of the pathogen and host resistance is insufficient, limiting the implementation of successful plant protection methods. This study aimed to identify Gymnosporangium species occurring in Latvia on junipers (Juniperus) and P. communis with a focus on possible hosts of G. sabinae and to assess the pathogen’s genetic diversity and pathogenicity as well as their geographic origin. Based on a large sample across the country, morphological characterization and sequences of three loci, three species were found: G. sabinae on J. sabina and P. communis, G. clavariiforme on J. communis, and G. cornutum on J. communis and Sorbus aucuparia. Resistant genotypes among seedlings consistently showed no disease symptoms in inoculation experiments, confirming the presence of resistance to G. sabinae in P. communis. Pathogenicity of G. clavariiforme on P. communis was tested and confirmed by inoculation with basidiospore inoculum from J. sabina. The methodology tested and obtained results obtained in this study using artificial inoculation will support further studies of G. sabinae and P. communis interaction.

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Funding

The study was financed by ERDF project No.1.1.1.2/VIAA/2/18/249 “Interaction between host Pyrus communis and pathogen Gymnosporangium sabinae and characterisation of population structure for plant resistance breeding”.

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  1. Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Graudu Str. 1, Dobele, 3701, Latvia

    Baiba Lāce, Kristīne Drevinska, Katrīna Kārkliņa, Māris Jundzis & Inga Moročko-Bičevska

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Correspondence to Baiba Lāce.

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Fig. S1

Plant arrangement scheme in inoculation experiment 1 in 2014-2015, where: 1v – pear seedling inoculated with basidiospores of G. clavariiforme; 2v – plants inoculated with G. sabinae; c – control plants. (PNG 296 kb)

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Lāce, B., Drevinska, K., Kārkliņa, K. et al. Gymnosporangium species occurring on Juniperus and Pyrus in Latvia and evidence for Gymnosporangium clavariiforme infecting European pear (Pyrus communis). Eur J Plant Pathol 166, 123–146 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-023-02650-x

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