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Versatility of copper-iron bimetallic nanoparticles fabricated using Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower phytochemicals: various enzymes inhibition, antibiofilm effect, chromium reduction and dyes removal

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Abstract

Bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) are considered superior in terms of stability and function with respect to its monometallic counterparts. Hence, in the present study Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower extract was used to synthesis copper-iron bimetallic nanoparticles (HF-FCNPs). HF-FCNPs was characterized and its applications (biological and environmental) were determined. HF-FCNPs were spherical in shape with high percentage of copper inducted into the NPs. HF-FCNPs inhibited mammalian glucosidases [maltase (IC50: 548.71 ± 61.01 µg/mL), sucrase (IC50: 441.34 ± 36.03 µg/mL), isomaltase (IC50: 466.37 ± 27.09 µg/mL) and glucoamylase (IC50: 403.12 ± 14.03 µg/mL)], alpha-amylase (IC50: 16.27 ± 1.73 µg/mL) and acetylcholinesterase [AChE (IC50: 0.032 ± 0.004 µg/mL)] activities. HF-FCNPs showed competitive inhibition against AChE, maltase and sucrase activities; mixed inhibition against isomaltase and glucoamylase activities; whereas non-competitive inhibition against α-amylase activity. HF-FCNPs showed zone of inhibition of 16 ± 2 mm against S. mutans at 100 µg/mL concentration. HF-FCNPs inhibited biofilm formation of dental pathogen, S. mutans. SEM and confocal microscopy analysis revealed the disruption of network formation and bacterial cell death induced by HF-FCNPs treatment on tooth model of S. mutans biofilm. HF-FCNPs efficiently removed hexavalent chromium in pH-independent manner and followed first order kinetics. Through Langmuir isotherm fit the qmax (maximum adsorption capacity) was determined to be 62.5 mg/g. Further, HF-FCNPs removed both anionic and cationic dyes. Altogether, facile synthesis of HF-FCNPs was accomplished and its biological (enzyme inhibition and antibiofilm activity) and environmental (catalyst to remove pollutants) applications have been understood.

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Funding

This research was funded by Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2024R364), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Fuad Ameen & Turki Dawoud

  2. Science Department, Faculty of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (Paaet), Kuwait City, Kuwait

    Fadaa Alown

  3. Jeddah Second Health Cluster- King Fahad General Hospital, Laboratory and Blood Bank Department-NAT Lab, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Abeer Sharaf

  4. Bioinnov Solutions LLP, Research and Development Center, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636002, India

    Penislusshiyan Sakayanathan

  5. Wellness and Preventive Medicine Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, 11442, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Sami Alyahya

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Fuad Ameen—Conceptualization, Experimentation, Analysis, Manuscript writing—original draft; Fadaa Alown—Formal analysis, Manuscript writing- Review and editing; Turki Dawoud—Manuscript writing—Review and editing; Abeer Sharaf—Analysis, Manuscript writing- Review and editing; Penislusshiyan Sakayanathan—Analysis, Manuscript writing- Review and editing; Sami Alyahya—Manuscript writing- Review and editing.

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Ameen, F., Alown, F., Dawoud, T. et al. Versatility of copper-iron bimetallic nanoparticles fabricated using Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower phytochemicals: various enzymes inhibition, antibiofilm effect, chromium reduction and dyes removal. Environ Geochem Health 46, 142 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-024-01918-3

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