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Combining biosolid and mineral sources of phosphorus and potassium in organomineral fertilizers influences the dynamics and efficiency of nutrient release

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Abstract

Using urban residues to produce organomineral fertilizers (OMF) is an environmentally friendly strategy that can enhance soil fertility by adding organic matter and mineral nutrients. Herein we investigated the availability of N, P, and K, under organomineral fertilization in sandy soils. An incubation study was conducted using OMF formulated with biosolids as organic matrix and N source, rock phosphate, and potassium sulfate as P and K sources, respectively. Two forms of isolated N, P, and K sources (granulated and non-granulated), five N:P:K granulation proportions (1–2–0, 1–4–0, 1–0–2, 1–2–2, 1–2–4), and a control (unfertilized) were mixed with soil and assessed over a 112 days incubation period. Soil samples were collected at 0, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 112 days to quantify available soil concentrations of ammonium (N–NH4+), nitrate + nitrite (N–NO2− + N–NO3−), P, and K. The results showed that OMF formulated with NPK had better nitrogen efficiency indexes (NEI) than other formulations and did not induce N immobilization throughout the experiment. Regarding P and K efficiency, OMFs containing phosphorus and potassium increased the indexes compared to the single fertilizer sources. When comparing non-granulated potassium sulfate with granulated, the latter showed a steadier release due to the granulation process. In comparison with rock phosphate at the end of the experiment, the OMFs 1–2–0 and 1–4–2 had higher P available by 116 and 41%, respectively. Based on these results, OMFs have the potential to alter the dynamics of nutrient availability serving as a strategy for nutrient management in agriculture.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Dr. Alan Henrique Abreu and the State Water and Sewerage Company of Rio de Janeiro (CEDAE) for providing the biosolid essential for developing this study. Also, we acknowledge the support of the Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of Rio de Janeiro State (FAPERJ), the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), and the National Council for the Improvement of Higher Education (CAPES).

Funding

This study was supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001; and FAPERJ (Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro—Brazil) under Grant E-26/200.889/2019.

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  1. Julia Barra Netto-Ferreira

    Present address: Department of Soil, Water and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil

    Julia Barra Netto-Ferreira & Fernanda Palmeira Gabetto

  2. Brazilian Biorenewable National Laboratory (LNBR), National Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil

    Fernanda Palmeira Gabetto

  3. Instituto de Agronomia, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Ana Carolina Muniz de Araujo, Ricardo de Castro Dias, Nelson Moura Brasil do Amaral Sobrinho & Everaldo Zonta

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JBN-F has conceptualized, designed, and conducted the experiment; collected and processed the data; performed the data analysis; interpreted the results; wrote and edited the paper. FPC collected and processed the data; interpreted the results and wrote the paper. ACMA collected and processed the data; wrote and edited the paper. RCD assisted the data analysis, wrote, edited, and revised the text. NMAS assisted results interpretation, wrote, edited, and revised the text. EZ conceptualized the research and experiment; wrote, edited, and revised the text. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Barra Netto-Ferreira, J., Palmeira Gabetto, F., Muniz de Araujo, A.C. et al. Combining biosolid and mineral sources of phosphorus and potassium in organomineral fertilizers influences the dynamics and efficiency of nutrient release. Environ Geochem Health 45, 4965–4978 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-023-01555-2

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