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Modeling the interaction between tides and storm surges for the Taiwan coast

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Abstract

An unstructured grid, two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was established and applied to the coast of Taiwan to investigate the tide-surge interaction. Tidal elevations at the open boundaries coupled with a global ocean tidal model and the meteorological conditions using a cyclone model are used to drive the model. The model was calibrated and verified with the observed tidal levels at six tidal stations for seven typhoon events to ascertain the capability and feasibility of the model. The results show reasonable agreement between the simulated and observed tidal levels. The validated model was then applied to probe the influence of tide-surge interaction on phase, water levels, and storm surge height. We found that the tide-surge interaction influenced both the magnitude and timing of the surge, which depended on the typhoon path. The storm surge heights at different tidal stations were significantly influenced by wind stresses and directions. The water level rise due to the storm surge during high tide was greater at neap tide than at spring tide. Changing tidal ranges altered the prediction of the surge enough to induce the changes in peak water levels.

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Acknowledgments

The project was funded by the Minister of Science and Technology, Taiwan, grant Nos. NSC 100-2625-M-239-001 and 101-2625-M-239-001. The authors express their appreciation to the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau for providing the observational data. The authors sincerely thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Disaster Prevention Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan

    Wen-Cheng Liu & Wei-Che Huang

  2. Taiwan Typhoon and Flood Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, 10093, Taiwan

    Wen-Cheng Liu

  3. Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan

    Wei-Che Huang

  4. National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction, New Taipei City, 23143, Taiwan

    Wei-Bo Chen

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  1. Wen-Cheng Liu
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Correspondence to Wen-Cheng Liu.

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Liu, WC., Huang, WC. & Chen, WB. Modeling the interaction between tides and storm surges for the Taiwan coast. Environ Fluid Mech 16, 721–745 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-015-9441-0

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