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Reproductive biology and management of two commercially important groupers in the SW Atlantic

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Abstract

The reproductive biology of Epinephelus morio (red grouper) and Mycteroperca bonaci (black grouper) were evaluated based on 533 specimens collected from artisanal fisheries landings in the Abrolhos Bank, Brazil, between May 2005 and September 2012. Sex ratio for the black grouper was 1:14 (n = 155 females and 11 males; 26.1–147 cm TL) and 1:10 for the red grouper (n = 334 females and 33 males; 15.0–96.0 cm TL). For both species, highest values of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) for females were recorded between July and October, indicating spawning during the austral winter. The length at first maturity (L50) for females was estimated at 62.0 and 47.0 cm TL for the black and red grouper, respectively. Batch fecundity based on TL and TW ranged from 2 to 15.4∗106 and 1.5 to 13.7∗106 for the black and red grouper, respectively. Interviews with experienced fishers revealed that spawning seasons of both groupers are largely unrecognized. Results demonstrate a positive relationship between GSI peaks, lower temperatures and stronger winds. The information provided herein may help decision-making regarding fisheries management and conservation for E. morio and M. bonaci at various levels of governance in the Abrolhos Bank, the region with the largest and richest coralline reefs in the South Atlantic.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Juliane Cebola, Guilherme Dutra and Danilo Araújo (Conservation International) and Vinicus Abilhoa (MHNCI) for help in the field, advice and criticism. Manoel David and Dilson S. Cajueiro (Zá) helped in the field survey (diving and fishing), and Cristiane Elfes, Fernanda Cervi, Vinicius and Leonardo Souza sampled in the landing spots. We are especially grateful to the fishers of Cassurubá and Corumbau Extractive Reserves for the support and help, as well as to the Colônias dos Pescadores of Prado Alcobaça, Caravelas and Nova Viçosa. MOF acknowledges FAPESB, CNPq (151102/2014-7) and CAPES (8938/11-3) grants. RLM acknowledges FAPERJ and CNPq grants. The project benefited from grants from Conservation Leadership Programme (F024801), FUNBIO (Pró-Arribada) and SISBIOTA/Rede Abrolhos (CNPq/CAPES/FAPES). This is a contribution from the Abrolhos Network (www.abrolhos.org) funded by the Long Term Ecological Research Program (PELD/CNPq/CAPES/ FAPES) and ANP Brasoil.

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  1. Carolina V. Minte-Vera

    Present address: Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, La Jolla, CA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, 100, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

    Matheus O. Freitas & Henry L. Spach

  2. PPG Engenharia Ambiental, Bloco III – Sala 5.11 – 1° Andar Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, PR, 81530-900, Brazil

    Matheus O. Freitas

  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Marilia Previero

  4. Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil

    Carolina V. Minte-Vera

  5. Centro de Ciências Aplicadas e Educação, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus IV - Litoral Norte, Rio Tinto, PB, Brazil

    Ronaldo B. Francini-Filho

  6. Instituto de Biologia and SAGE-COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil

    Rodrigo L. Moura

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Freitas, M.O., Previero, M., Minte-Vera, C.V. et al. Reproductive biology and management of two commercially important groupers in the SW Atlantic. Environ Biol Fish 101, 79–94 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-017-0682-2

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