Skip to main content
Log in

An Application of Family Stress Theory to Clinical Work with Military Families and Other Vulnerable Populations

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Clinical Social Work Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Growing empirical evidence has suggested an association between deployment experiences and adverse consequences among military families in terms of individual and family functioning. Military families are increasingly seeking the support of clinical social workers for both preventing and managing these adverse outcomes. The contextual model of family stress and coping, a family stress theory consistent with social work values, provides a clinically useful framework for designing effective interventions for this population. In this article, I apply this model to a case study to illustrate how this perspective can be used to both understand the experiences of military families and develop appropriate treatment plans for family therapy. Based on case information gathered by a social worker during a family assessment, I use the model to organize and understand the issues faced by this family and guide treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.

  • Barrio, C., Hernández, M., & Barragán, A. (2011). Serving Latino families caring for a person with serious mental illness. In L. P. Buki & L. M. Piedra (Eds.), Creating infrastructures for Latino mental health (pp. 159–175). New York, NY: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Boss, P. (2002). Family stress management: A contextual approach. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, G. L., Mancini, J. A., Martin, J. A., Ware, W. B., & Nelson, J. P. (2003). Promoting the adaptation of military families: An empirical test of a community practice model. Family Relations, 52, 33–44. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2003.00033.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Calzada, E. J., Tamis-LeMonda, C. S., & Yoshikawa, H. (2013). Familismo in Mexican and Dominican families from low-income, urban communities. Journal of Family Issues, 34, 1696–1724. doi:10.1177/0192513X12460218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cederbaum, J. A., Gilreath, T. D., Benbenishty, R., Astor, R. A., Pineda, D., DePedro, K. T., Atuel, H. (2013). Well-being and suicidal ideation of secondary school students from military families. Journal of Adolescent Health. Advance online publication. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.09.006.

  • Chandra, A., Lara-Cinisomo, S., Jaycox, L. H., Tanielian, T., Burns, R. M., Ruder, T., et al. (2010). Children on the homefront: The experience of children from military families. Pediatrics, 125, 16–25. doi:10.1542/peds.2009-1180.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coolbaugh, K. W., & Rosenthal, A. (1992). Family separations in the army. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Figley, C. R. (Ed.). (1978). Stress disorders among Vietnam veterans: Theory, research and treatment. New York, NY: Brunner-Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flake, E. M., Davis, B. E., Johnson, P. L., & Middleton, L. S. (2009). The psychosocial effects of deployment on military children. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 30, 271–278. doi:10.1097/DBP.0b013e3181aac6e4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, D. A., Martin, S. L., Kupper, L. L., & Johnson, R. E. (2007). Child maltreatment in enlisted soldiers’ families during combat-related deployments. JAMA, 298(5), 528–535.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gilreath, T. D., Cederbaum, J. A., Astor, R. A., Benbenishty, R., Pineda, D., & Atuel, H. (2013). Substance use among military-connected youth: The California healthy kids survey. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 44, 150–153. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.09.059.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, R. (1958). Generic features of families under stress. Social Casework, 39, 139–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoge, C. W., Castro, C. A., Messer, S. C., McGurk, D., Cotting, D. I., & Koffman, R. L. (2004). Combat duty in Iraq and Afghanistan, mental health problems, and barriers to care. New England Journal of Medicine, 351, 13–22. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa040603.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lester, P., Peterson, K., Reeves, J., Knauss, L., Glover, D., Mogil, C., et al. (2010). The long war and parental combat deployment: Effects on military children and at-home spouses. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 310–320. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.01.003.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lester, P., Saltzman, W. R., Woodward, K., Glover, D., Leskin, G. A., Bursch, B., et al. (2012). Evaluation of a family-centered prevention intervention for military children and families facing wartime deployments. American Journal of Public Health, 102, S48–S54. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300088.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, A. D., Panuzio, J., & Taft, C. T. (2005). Intimate partner violence among military veterans and active duty servicemen. Clinical Psychology Review, 25(7), 862–876.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCubbin, H. I., & Patterson, J. M. (1983). The family stress process: The double ABCX model of adjustment and adaptation. Marriage & Family Review, 6(1–2), 7–37. doi:10.1300/J002v06n01_02.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Okie, S. (2005). Traumatic brain injury in the war zone. New England Journal of Medicine, 352, 2043–2047. doi:10.1056/NEJMp058102.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, J. M. (1988). Families experiencing stress: I. The family adjustment and adaptation response model: II. Applying the FAAR model to health-related issues for intervention and research. Family Systems Medicine, 6, 202–237. doi:10.1037/h0089739.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pearrow, M., & Cosgrove, L. (2009). The aftermath of combat-related PTSD: Toward an understanding of transgenerational trauma. Communication Disorders Quarterly, 30, 77–82. doi:10.1177/1525740108328227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rentz, E. D., Marshall, S. W., Loomis, D., Casteel, C., Martin, S. L., & Gibbs, D. A. (2007). Effect of deployment on the occurrence of child maltreatment in military and nonmilitary families. American Journal of Epidemiology, 165, 1199–1206. doi:10.1093/aje/kwm008.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seal, K. H., Metzler, T. J., Gima, K. S., Bertenthal, D., Maguen, S., & Marmar, C. R. (2009). Trends and risk factors for mental health diagnoses among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans using Department of Veterans Affairs health care, 2002–2008. American Journal of Public Health, 99, 1651–1658. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.150284.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Defense. (2012). 2011 demographics: Profile of the military community. Retrieved from http://www.militaryonesource.mil/12038/MOS/Reports/2011_Demographics_Report.pdf.

Download references

Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank Dr. Concepción Barrio for her guidance in the preparation of this article.

Conflict of interest

The author declares no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kathrine Sullivan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sullivan, K. An Application of Family Stress Theory to Clinical Work with Military Families and Other Vulnerable Populations. Clin Soc Work J 43, 89–97 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-014-0500-7

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-014-0500-7

Keywords

Navigation